τῆς
Συρίης θεοῦ Hayes Nimis
εστι εν Συρίῃ πόλις ου πολλὸν
απὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ Ἐύφρήτεω ,
There-is in Syria
a-city not far from
the river Euphrates
κάλεται δὲ Ἱρή, καὶ έστι ἱρὴ θεης Ἤρης .
it is called "the
Sacred City," and is sacred to the goddess
Hera.
δοκέει δέ
μοι,
τόδε ουνομα
ουκ εγένετο ἅμα πόλει
οικεομένῃ ,
it-seems to-me
this name was-not-born at-same-time-as city was-being-inhabited
ao. γίγνομαι
αλλὰ τὸ μὲν αρχαῖον ῆν άλλο ,
but originally it-was
another .
μετὰ δὲ
σφίσι τῶν ἱρῶν
μεγάλων
γιγνομένων ες τόδε
επωνυμίη
απίκετο.
but later the great sacrifices were-happening this title arrived
ao.
απο·̔ικνέομαι
ῶν
έρχομαι
ερέων ὁκόσα
ταύτής
ειστι
εν τῇ περὶ πόλιος :
therefore i-am-going to-be-telling many-things
are in this city,
fut. part. λέγω
ερέω δὲ καὶ τοῖσιν νόμους χρέωνται ες τὰ ἱρὰ,
I-will-say also which customs govern its holy rites,
καὶ
πανηγύριας τὰς
άγουσιν καὶ
θυσίας τὰς
επιτελέουσι .
of its popular assemblies and of the sacrifices offered by
its citizens.
ερέω
δὲ καὶ ὁκόσα
μυθολογέουσι καὶ περὶ
τῶν εἱσαμένων τὸ ἱρὸν,
I-will-speak also the-tells they-be-telling about
of-those-establishing this holy
place:
ao. part. ̔ίζω
καὶ ὅκως νηὸν εγένετο .
and in-what-way temple began .
ao.
καὶ τῶν
απηγέομαι μαθών αυτοψίῃ μὲν τὰ ,
i-am-relating having-learned with-mine-own-eyes things
απο·̔ηγέομαι ao.
part. μανθάςω
εδάην δὲ παρὰ τῶν ἱρέων ,
i-learned from
those priests
ao.
δάω
ὁκόσα
εόντα
πρεσβύτερα εμεῦ εγὼ ἱστορέω .
as-to-many-things-being-older than-me
I narrate
πρῶτοι μὲν
ῶν ανθρώπων τῶν
ἡμεῖς
ίδμεν
Αιγύπτιοι λέγονται
The first men
whom-we-know Egyptians receiving-knowledge
λαβεῖν τε εννοίην θεῶν καὶ είσασθαι ἱρὰ καὶ
τεμένεα καὶ
αποδεῖξαι πανηγύριας .
to-take notice of-the-gods
and to-have-built temples and
shrines and to-have-proclaimed festivals
ao. inf. λαμβάςω ao. inf. ̔ίζω
ao. inf. απο·δείκνυμι
πρῶτοι δὲ καὶ έγνωσαν
ἱρὰ ουνόματα καὶ
έλεξαν ἱροὺς λόγους .
They-soon-after they-came-to-know sacrificial names and spoke sacred words
ao. γιγνώσκω ao. λέγω
μετὰ δὲ ου πολλοστῷ χρόνῳ Ἀσσύριο ήκουσαν λόγον παρα Αιγυπτίων ες θεοὺς ,
after not
long time the Assyrians heard doctrines
from Egyptians as to their gods,
ao. ακούω
καὶ
ήγειραν ἱρὰ καὶ
νηοὺς,
and they-erected temples and shrines:
ao.
εγείρω
εν τοῖς καὶ
εστήσαντο
αγάλματα
έθεντο καὶ
ξόανα.
in which they-setup statues and placed
images.
ao. ̔ίστημι ao. τίθημι
τὸ δὲ παλαιὸν καὶ έσαν
αξόανοι παρα Αιγυπτίοισι νηοὶ.
Originally there
were no images in
Egyptian temples .
καὶ
έστι ἱρὰ καὶ εν Συρίῃ ου παρὰ πολὺ
ισοχρονέοντα τοῖς Αιγυπτίοισιν,
And there-is temples
in Syria not much later equalling-in-age than those of Egypt,
pap
πλεῖστα τῶν εγὼ
όπωπα,
many of which I have seen ,
perf. ̔ορέω
τό γε τοῦ Ἡρακλέος τὸ εν Τύρῳ,
for instance, temple-of-Hercules in Tyre.
τούτου ου τοῦ Ἡρακλέος τὸν Ἕλληνες
αείδουσι ,
This is not the
Hercules Greeks praise ;
αλλὰ τὸν
εγὼ λέγω
τε
εστί
Τύριος ἥρως πολλὸν
αρχαιότερος .
but I
say but is
a-Tyrian hero much
older .
ένι δὲ καὶ άλλο εν Φοινίκῃ
μέγα
ιρὸν
έχουσι τὸ Σιδόνιοι .
There-is-in
likewise in Phœnicia a-great-temple of great size owned by Sidonians.
ὡς μὲν εστὶ αυτοὶ
λέγουσι
Ἀστάρτης
for-instance there-is
one they-call Astarte.
εγὼ
δε
δοκέω Ἀστάρτην
έμμεναι
Σεληναίην Ευρώπα .
I hold this-Astarte to be
the-moon-goddess Europa
inf. ειμι
ὡς δὲ τις ἱρέων απήγετο μοί ,
in-this-case some priests related
to-me
impf.
εστὶ αδελφεῆς Κάδμου :
is sister of Cadmus.
ταύτην δὲ
εοῦσαν Ἀγήνορος
τοῦ βασιλέως
θυγατέρα,
She was the daughter
of Agenor,
επειδὴ τε
εγεγόνε
αφανὴς
Φοίνικες
ετιμήσαντο τῆν νηῷ
since she-had-become invisible Phœnicians honored her with a temple
plpf. γίγνομαι
καὶ έλεξαν ἱρὸν λόγον επι τῇ,
and told a sacred legend about her;
ὅτι Ζεὺς επόθε εοῦσαν καλὴν
how that Zeus
was-enamored of her for her beauty,
καὶ
αμειψάμενος εῖδος εις ταῦρον
and having-changed-his form
into a-bull
ao. part. αμείβω
ἥρπασε καί φέρων μιν απίκετο ες Κρήτην.
snatched and
carrying her arrived into Crete.
ao.
̔αρπάζω ao.
τάδε μὲν καὶ ήκουον
τῶν άλλων Φοινίκων,
this I-heard from other Phœnicians as well;
καὶ
τὸ νόμισμα τῷ
Σιδόνιοι
χρέωνται
and the current
coinage which Sidonians use
έχει τῷ Διί Ευρώπην
εφεζομένην απι ταύρῳ
:
has
effigy of-Europa sitting upon a bull,
ουκ δὲ ὁμολογέουσι νηὸν
έμμεναι Ευρώπης .
they-do-not-agree that-the-temple to-be
Europa.
inf.
Φοίνικες δὲ έχουσι άλλο
ἱρόν, αλλα Αιγύπτιον,
The Phœnicians
have also another sacred custom,
from Egypt
τὸ
απίκετο εξ Ἡλίου
πόλιος
ες Φοινίκην.
it arrived from Heliopolis city into Phœnicia
ao.
εγὼ
μέν ουκ
όπωπα μιν,
I
not-having-seen this
perf. ̔ορέω
εστι δὲ μέγα καὶ τόδε αρχαῖόν .
but it is important,
and of great antiquity
εῖδον δὲ καὶ
εν Βύβλῳ μέγα ἱρὸν Βυβλίης Ἀφροδίτης ,
I saw too at Byblos a large temple, Byblian Aphrodite
εν τῷ καὶ
τὰ όργια ες Ἄδωνιν επιτελέουσιν εδάην δὲ καὶ όργια .
this is the scene of
the secret-rites of Adonis: I
mastered/learned these secret-rites .
ao. δάω
λέγουσι γὰρ
δὴ ῶν τὸ έργον τὸ ες Ἄδωνιν ὑπὸ τοῦ συὸς γενέσθαι,
They-say for-indeed
that the deeds-legend about
Adonis and of-boar
to-have-been-true,
ao. inf.
εν
τῇ σφετέρῃ τῇ χώρῃ
and that the facts occurred in their country,
καὶ
μνήμην τοῦ
πάθεος τύπτονταί τε καὶ θρηνέουσι ἑκάστου έτεος
and in memory of this incident they beat their breasts and wail every year,
καὶ
επιτελέουσι όργια καὶ σφίσι
and they-perform secret ritual
μεγάλα
πένθεα ἵσταται ανὰ τὴν
χώρην.
amid signs of mourning display
through the whole countryside.
επεὰν δὲ
αποτύψωνταί τε
καὶ
αποκλαύσωνται,
When they-should-have finished their
mourning and wailing,
ao. subj. απο·τύπτω
καταγίζουσι μὲν
πρῶτα τῷ Ἀδώνιδι ὅκως εόντι νέκυι,
they-sacrifice firstly to Adonis, as to
one being dead :
μετὰ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρῃ ἡμέρῃ ζώειν τέ μιν μυθολογέουσι
after this they allege that he is alive again,
καὶ
πέμπουσι ες τὸν ηέρα
and
send his effigy to the sky.
καὶ
ξύρονθαι τῶν κεφαλὰς ὅκως ευνοῦχυια
Αιγύπτιοι .
they proceed to-have-their-heads-shaved , like
the having-been-casterated
Egyptians .
pass. inf.
ao. part.
ένιοι δὲ Βυβλίων λέγουσι Αιγύπτιον Ὄσιριν εισὶ τεθάφθαι
παρὰ σφίσι ,
Some
of-Byblonians say that the Egyptian Osiris is
buried in their town,
perf. pass. inf. θάπτω
καὶ
τὰ πένθεα καὶ τὰ όργια ουκ
ες Ἄδωνιν
and that the public mourning and secret rites are
not to Adonis,
αλλα ες Ὄσιριν πάντα
πρήσσεσθαι.
but
that Osiris is
buried
pass.
inf. πρήσσω
ερέω δὲ καὶ ὁκόθεν καὶ τάδε δοκέουσι
πιστὰ .
I-will-say from-whence this
seems believable .
fut.
λέγω
κεφαλὴ
απικνέεται ἑκάστου ἔτεος εξ Αἰγύπτου ες Βύβλον
a-human-head comes every
year from Egypt
to Byblos,
πλώουσα ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων τὸν μεταξὺ πλόον ,
sailing of seven days' intervening-sailing-trip
καί οἱ
άνεμοι
φέρουσι μιν θείῃ
ναυτιλίῃ:
τρέπεται δὲ
ουδαμά,
the winds bear
it by divine seamanship ,
turns not-one
αλλα
απικνέεται ες
μούνην Βύβλον.
goes straight to Byblos.
καὶ τὸ σύμπαν έστι θωῦμα. καὶ
τοῦτο
γίγνεται ἑκάστου
έτεος,
The whole occurrence is miraculous. It
occurs every year,
καὶ εγένετο εμεῦ παρεόντος εν Βύβλῳ :
and it-happened me-being-present in Byblos
ao.
γίγνομαι
καὶ τὴν
κεφαλὴν
εθεησάμην
Βυβλίνην.
and I saw the head in that city.
ao. θεάομαι
ένι δὲ καὶ άλλο θωῦμα εν χώρῃ Βυβλίῃ.
there-is, too, another wonder
in country of the Byblians.
ποταμὸς εκ
ούρεος
Λιβάνου
εκδιδοῖ ες ἅλα :
A river, from Mount Libanus, discharges into
sea :
τῷ ποταμῷ
επικέαται
ούνομα Ἄδωνις.
this river bears the name of Adonis.
ὁ δὲ ποταμὸς ἑκάστου έτεος αἱμάσσεται
the river every
year stained-with-blood
καὶ τὴν
χροιὴν ολέσας
εσπίπτει ες τὴν
θάλασσαν
and loses its proper color before it falls
into the sea:
ao. part. όλλυμι
καὶ
φοινίσσει τὸ πολλὸν τοῦ
πελάγεος
it dyes (red) a-large sea :
καὶ
σημαίνει τῶν πένθεα
Βυβλίοις.
and thus announces their grief
for-Byblians.
μυθέονται δὲ ὅτι ταύτῃσι τῇσι ἡμέρῃσιν ὁ Ἄδωνις ανὰ
τὸν Λίβανον τιτρώσκεται,
Their story is that during these days Adonis is wounded,
καὶ ποταμὸν αλλάσσει τὸ
αἷμα
ερχόμενον ες τὸ
ύδωρ
and that the river changes by
the blood going into its waters;
καὶ
τῷ ῥόῳ διδωσι τὴν
επωνυμίην.
and that
from-this-stream . it takes its name
οἱ πολλοὶ μὲν λέγουσι ταῦτα .
many-people say
this Such is the legend vulgarly accepted:
τις
δέ ανὴρ Βύβλιος ,
δοκέων λέγειν
αληθέα ,
απήγετο εμοί
but some man of
Byblos seeming to-speak
truly , was-relating to-me
impf. απο·̔ηγέομαι
ἑτέρην αιτίην τοῦ πάθεος. έλεγε δὲ ὧδε
:
another reason
of-occurrence. He spoke as
follows:
‘ὁ
Ἄδωνις
ὁ ποταμός , ῶ ξεῖνε,
έρχεται διὰ τοῦ
Λιβάνου :
"This river, O stranger , it-goes through the Libanus :
ὁ δὲ
Λίβανος
κάρτα
ξανθόγεώς
εστι .
now
this Libanus abounds in red
earth.
ἱστάμενοι
τρηχέες άνεμοι ῶν εκείνῃσι τῇσι ἡμέρῃσι
The blowing strong
winds which regularly on those days
pap
επιφέρουσι γῆν εοῦσαν
μιλτώδεα ποταμῷ ες τὰ
μάλιστα
carry
earth being reddish to-river to-greatest degree .
ἡ δὲ γῆ τίθησι μιν
αἱμώδεα καὶ
τοῦδε τοῦ
πάθεος ου αἷμα,
earth
establishes it red. And thus of-occurrence not blood
τὸ λέγουσι
, αλλα χώρη αιτίη.’
as they affirm, but
soil cause ."
ὁ μέν μοι
Βύβλιος
τοσάδε
απηγέετο:
This was the story of
Byblian.
ει δὲ
ατρεκέως έλεγε ταῦτα ,
but if
genuinely said those-things ,
δοκέει μὲν εμοὶ
ανέμου
συντυχίη κάρτα
θείη .
yet
there-certainly-seems to-me
wind’s occurrence very supernatural
ανέβην δὲ καὶ εκ
Βύβλου
ες
Λίβανον,
I-went-up also from Byblos into Libanus,
ao. ανα·βαίνω
ἡμέρης ὁδὸν
, πυθόμενος αυτόθι έμμεναι
αρχαῖον ἱρὸν Ἀφροδίτης,
a day's journey, having-heard
on-the-spot to-be ancient temple of-Aphrodite
ao.
part.
inf.
εἵσατο
Κινύρης, καὶ εῖδον ἱρόν, καὶ αρχαῖον ἦν.
founded by Cinyras. I-saw
temple, and it was indeed old.
ao.
̔ίζω
τάδε
μέν εστι
μεγάλα
αρχαῖα
ἱρά εν
Συρίῃ
These then
is the-many ancient
temples in Syria.
καὶ
τοσούτων δὲ
εόντων
ουδὲν δοκέει
εμοὶ έμμεναι
αγιώτερος
so-many
such-as-they-are, none seem
to-me to-be more-sacred
τῶν
εν ἱρῇ πόλει μέζον ουδὲ άλλος νηὸς ουδὲ χώρη άλλη ἱροτέρη.
than those found in the sacred city
no other shrine no
country more holy
ένι
δὲ εν αυτῷ καὶ έργα
πολυτελέα
they possess some lovely
work, some
καὶ αρχαῖα
αναθήματα καὶ
πολλὰ θωύματα
ancient offerings, many rare sights,
καὶ
θεοπρεπέα ξόανα.
many striking statues,
καὶ θεοὶ δὲ κάρτα
αυτοῖσι
εμφανέες:
and the gods make their presence felt in no
doubtful way.
τὰ
ξόανα ἱδρώει γὰρ
δὴ ῶν καὶ
κίνεται καὶ
χρησμηγορέει, παρὰ σφίσι
The statues sweat, and move and utter oracles, in-the-presence for-them
καὶ βοὴ δὲ
πολλάκις
εγένετο
εν νηῷ
κλεισθέντος ἱροῦ,
a-shout
my-many happened when temple
having-been-closed
of-temple
ao. pass.
part. κλείω
καὶ
πολλοὶ ήκουσα . ναὶ
μὴν καὶ πρῶτόν εστι όλβου πέρι εν τοῖσι εγὼ οῖδα
many
heard and yes moreover foremost
is of-wealth aroung them
I myself know
πολλὰ γὰρ
χρήματα
απικνέται τοῖσι έκ τε Ἀραβίης
For much
money comes to-them from Arabia,
καὶ
Φοινίκων καὶ
Βαβυλωνίων δὲ καὶ
φέρουσι τὰ ,
and
Phœnicians and Babylonians : and
bring tribute.
εγὼ δὲ εῖδον καὶ
τὰ νηῷ λάθρῃ αποκέαται,
And I-saw it
in-temple secretly stored
πολλὴν εσθῆτα καὶ
άλλα ὁκόσα
αποκέκριται ες άργυρον ὴ ες χρυσὸν.
many garments, and other
as-many as-have-been-rendered into
silver and gold
perf. απο͂λρίνω
ουδαμοῖσι μὲν γὰρ
άλλοισιν
ανθρώπων τοσαίδε ὁρταὶ καὶ
πανηγύριες αποδεδέχαται.
Nowhere among mankind are so many festivals and sacred assemblies have-been-approved .
perf.
απο·δέκομαι
ἱστορέοντι
δέ μοι
ετέων πέρι, ὁκόσα ἱρῷ εστι
,
to-me
inquiring concerning years
as-many-as temple is
καὶ
ἥντινα
δοκέουσι τὴν
θεὸν αυτοὶ ,
and whom they deemed the goddess to be,
πολλοὶ λόγοι
ελέγοντο μοι , τῶν οἱ μὲν
ἱροί, οἱ
δὲ
εμφανέες,
many tales
were-told to me, some of which
were sacred, and some-well-known ;
οἱ δὲ
κάρτα
μυθώδεες, καὶ άλλοι
βάρβαροι,
some, again, were legends
; others barbarians' tales ;
οἱ μὲν τοῖσιν Ἕλλησιν ὁμολογέοντες
:
others again tallied with the Greek
accounts.
πάντας μὲν τοὺς
εγὼ ερέω,
δέκομαι δὲ
ουδαμά.
All
these I am ready to narrate, but
I-accept none-of-them
οἱ μὲν ῶν πολλοὶ λέγουσι Δευκαλίωνα ὴ Σκύθεα εἵσασθαι ἱρὸν ,
some
say then, allege that it was
Deukalion or Sisythus who founded
temple;
ao.
inf.
τοῦτον Δευκαλίωνα επὶ
τοῦ τὸ πολλὸν ὕδωρ εγένετο.
I mean the Deukalion in whose time the great flood
occurred.
ao.
ήκουσα δὲ λόγον πέρι
Δευκαλίωνος εν Ἕλλησιν,
I-have-heard the story about Deukalion as the Greeks
επι
Ἕλληνες τον
λέγουσι
αυτῷ . ὁ δὲ μῦθος
ὧδε έχει.
from the Greeks which they-say themselves.
The story thus has :
ἥδε
ἡ γενεή, οἱ νῦν άνθρωποι, ου πρῶτοι εγένοντο,
The present race of men not
first created.
ao.
αλλα εκείνη μὲν πάντες γενεὴ
ώλοντο,
The other
one all race
perished
ao. όλλυμι
οὗτοι δὲ εισί δευτέρου γένεος ,
these are
second creation.
τὸ αῦτις
απίκετο ες πληθὺν εκ
Δευκαλίωνος.
This
arrived into vast multitude, from Deukalion.
ao. απο·̔ικνέομαι
τῶν δὲ
πέρι τῶν
ανθρώπων τάδε
μυθέονται :
around
those people this is-said :
έπρησσον ὑβρισταὶ
κάρτα εόντες
αθέμιστα
έργα,
they were
rebellious, lawless, and performed unholy deeds,
impf.
ούτε γὰρ
εφύλασσον ὅρκια ούτε ξείνους εδέκοντο ούτε ἱκετέων ηνείχοντο,
disregarding the sanctity of oaths and hospitality, and behaving cruelly to
beggars
impf. ανα·έχω
ανθ᾽ ὧν σφίσι μεγάλη συμφορὴ απίκετο.
in response to-which
for-these great events
arrived
ao.
αυτίκα γῆ
εκδιδοῖ πολλὸν ὕδωρ
straightway earth discharged much water,
καὶ
μεγάλο
όμβροι
εγένοντο καὶ ποταμοὶ
κατέβησαν
μέζονες
much
heavenly-rains came rivers descended
more-full
ao. κατα·βαίνω
καὶ θάλασσα ανέβη επὶ πολλὸν ,
and
sea rose-up much upon
.
ao.
ες ὃ
πάντα εγένοντο
ὕδωρ καὶ
πάντες
ώλοντο,
Thus everything became water, and all-people perished;
ao. όλλυμαι
Δευκαλίων δὲ μοῦνος ανθρώπων ελίπετο ες δευτέρην γενεήν
Deukalion was
lone person left into
second race
ao. λείπω
ευβουλίης τε καὶ εἵνεκα τοῦ
ευσεβέος .
because-of-good-behavior for-the-sake-of righteousness
τοῦ
δὲ
σωτηρίη ἥδε
εγένετο:
his
salvation was as follows:
μεγάλην λάρνακα ,
τὴν αυτὸς εῖχε,
large
ark which he-himself had
ες εσβιβάσας τοῦ παῖδάς τε καὶ γυναῖκας εσέβη ἑωυτοῦ :
having-put-on-board his children and wives
he-boarded himself
ao. part. εσβιβάζω
ao. ες βαίνω
εσβαίνοντι
δέ
σύες
καὶ ἵπποι
απίκοντο
they-embarked, pig
horses came
καὶ γένεα
λεόντων καὶ
όφιες καὶ
άλλα ὁκόσα
νέμονται εν γῇ,
and generations of lions and serpents, and
many others pasturing on earth,
πάντα ες
ζεύγεα. ὁ δὲ
εδέκετο
πάντα ,
all in
couples. He welcomed them all.
καί ουκ
εσίνοντο μιν ,
αλλά
διόθεν φιλίη
εγένετο
μεγάλη
σφι .
Nor did they harm him ,
and from-Zeus friendship remained
amongst them
καὶ εν μιῇ
λάρνακι πάντες
έπλευσαν έστε τὸ ὕδωρ
επεκράτεε
These, one and all, floated in this ark
while flood was-ruling
impf.
τὰ μὲν πέρι Δευκαλίωνος Ἕλληνες ἱστορέουσι.
This is the legend concerning
Deukalion the Greeks were-telling
impf.
τὸ δὲ
λέγεται του απὸ λόγος ὑπὸ τῶν
εν ἱρῇ πόλει
But tell it’s further story from
them in Hierapolis,
μεγάλως άξιος θωυμάσαι,
and
greatly worthy to-wonder-at
ao.
ὅτι
εν
σφετέρῃ χώρῃ μέγα
χάσμα εγένετο καὶ τὸ
κατεδέξατο
σύμπαν ὕδωρ
:
that
in-their country a mighty chasm
became which received all the water,
ao. κατα
δέκομαι
Δευκαλίων δέ,
επεὶ τάδε
εγένετο,
εθετο τε
βωμούς
and
that Deukalion when this
happened dedicated altars
ao.
καὶ εστήσατο νηὸν ἅγιον Ἥρης επὶ χάσματι .
and
established a temple sacred
to-Hera above this chasm.
ao.
εγὼ
δὲ εῖδον
καὶ τὸ χάσμα,
I have actually seen this chasm,
καὶ έστι ὑπὸ νηῷ κάρτα
μικρόν.
it-is
under temple and is very
small
ει μὲν ῶν πάλαι καὶ μέγα εὸν
νῦν
τοιόνδε εγένετο,
If
long-ago large size was whether
it became such as it is now
ουκ οἶδα : εγὼ δὲ εῖδον
τὸ
εστι
μικρόν .
I don’t know but
I-saw it is
small
σῆμα δὲ τῆς ἱστορίης τόδε πρήσσουσιν.
They maintain that their tale is proved by
the following
δὶς ἑκάστου
έτεος
ύδωρ
απικνέεται εκ θαλάσσης ες νηὸν.
twice in every year the water comes from
sea to temple.
ουκ
δὲ μοῦνον
ἱρέες
φέρουσι ,
not
only priests carry ;
αλλὰ πᾶσα Συρίη καὶ
Ἀραβίη,
but
all Syria and Arabia
καὶ
πολλοὶ άνθρωποι πέρηθεν τοῦ
Εὐφρήτεω έρχονται ες θάλασσαν
and
many men from beyond the Euphrates go to sea;
καὶ πάντες
φέρουσιν ὕδωρ,
all bring water
τὸ πρῶτα μὲν
εκχέουσι εν νηῷ,
which they
first pour-out in temple;
μετὰ δὲ
κατέρχεται ες
χάσμα,
then this water passes down into
chasm
καὶ τὸ
χάσμα εὸν μικρὸν δέκεται
πολλόν χρῆμα ὕδατος .
which,
chasm being small,
takes much quantity of water.
pap
ποιέοντες δὲ τὰ,
λέγουσι
Δευκαλίωνα θέσθαι τόνδε
νόμον ἱρῷ
those-doing
things say Deukalion established law
in that temple,
ao.
inf.
συμφορῆς τε καὶ ευεργεσίης έμμεναι μνῆμα.
of-event well-doing to-be
memories
Ὁ μὲν ῶν
αυτοῖσι αρχαῖος λόγος αμφὶ ἱροῦ τοιόσδε εστί
.
among-them ancient
story on-both-sides of-temple
is-as-follows
άλλοι δὲ Σεμίραμιν Βαβυλωνίην,
Others
Semiramis of Babylon,
τῆς δὴ
πολλὰ έργα εστί εν
Ἀσίῃ,
whose
indeed many works is in
Asia,
νομίζουσι ταύτην εἵσασθαι καὶ
τόδε ἕδος ουκ Ἥρῃ
they-believe that
she founded this foundation
nor to Hera,
ao. inf. ̔ίζω
δὲ εἵσασθαι αλλὰ μητρὶ ἑωυτῆς, τῆς
ούνομα Δερκετὼ.
but
founded to-her-own mother ,
whose name Derceto.
εθεησάμην
δὲ
Δερκετοῦς εῖδος
εν Φοινίκῃ,
and
i-viewed Derketo’s form in
Phœnicia
θέημα
ξένον ἡμισέη
μὲν γυνή,
wonderful sight it is; one half is a woman,
τὸ δὲ ὁκόσον εκ μηρῶν ες
άκρους πόδας
αποτείνεται ιχθύος
ουρὴ.
the other part from
thighs to ends to feet
extends out fish tail.
ἡ δὲ
εν ἱρῇ πόλει εστι πᾶσα
γυνή ,
but
statue in Hierapolis is all
woman.
πίστιες δὲ αυτοῖσι λόγου ου κάρτα
εμφανέες.
The-assurances amoung-this
not very evident
νομίζουσιν ιχθύας ἱρὸν
χρῆμα καὶ
ούκοτε
ψαύουσι ιχθύων :
they deem fishes holy objects, and
never touch fish ,
καὶ
σιτέονται
όρνιθας μὲν
άλλους,
ου δὲ
σιτέονται
περιστερὴν
μούνην,
eating
birds others not eating
pigeons
αλλὰ σφίσι ἥδε ἱρή.
but
for-them this is-sacred.
τὰ δὲ δοκέει τοῖς εἵνεκα
γιγνόμενα ποιέεσθαι Δερκετοῦς καὶ
Σεμιράμιος,
It
appears to-them then becoming
was done of Derceto and
Semiramis.
τὸ μὲν ὅτι
Δερκετὼ
έχει μορφὴν ιχθύος,
The former, because Derceto has form of fish;
τὸ δὲ ὅτι τέλος
Σεμιράμιος απίκετο
ες περιστερὴν.
the
latter, because lower end of Semiramis comes-to-a-pigeon
ao. απο
ʼικέομαι
αλλα εγὼ τὸν μὲν ὅτι νηὸν Σεμιράμιος έργον εστὶ τάχα κου δέξομαι :
I, however,
should probably conclude that the
temple in question belongs to Semiramis;
ουδαμὰ δὲ
πείθομαι ἱρὸν έμμεναι Δερκετοῦς,
I-am-not-persuaded shrine
to-be Derceto’s
επεὶ καὶ
παρα
ενίοισι
Αιγυπτίων ου
σιτέονται ιχθύας ,
since even among some
Egyptians no eat
fish ,
καὶ
ου
χαρίζονται τάδε
Δερκετοῖ.
and they-no-grant this
for Derceto.
έστι δὲ καὶ
άλλος λόγος ἱρός,
There is, however, another sacred-story
τὸν εγὼ
ήκουσα σοφοῦ
ανδρὸς,
which
I-heard of-wise man
ὅτι
ἡ μὲν
θεὴ εστί Ῥέη
, τὸ δὲ ἱρὸν ποίημα Ἄττεω .
that the goddess is Rhea, and
shrine the work of Attes.
Ἄττης δὲ γένος μὲν
Λυδὸς ἦν,
Now this Attes was by nation a Lydian,
πρῶτος δὲ εδιδάξατο τὰ όργια τὰ ες Ῥέην.
and he first taught the sacred mysteries of Rhea.
ao.
καὶ
τὰ επιτελέουσι Φρύγες καὶ Λυδοὶ καὶ
Σαμόθρᾳκες,
and these-things they-practice of Phrygians and Lydians and Samothracians
πάντα
έμαθον Ἄττεω.
all-this
was-learned from Attes.
ao. μανθάνο
ὡς γάρ Ῥέη ευνουχιζετο μιν ,
when
Rhea castrated him
μὲν
απεπαύσατο βίου ανδρηίου,
he
ceased of-living-a-man
ao. απο
παύω
ημείψατο δὲ μορφὴν θηλέην καὶ ενεδύσατο
εσθῆτα γυναικηίην
he-changed form
to-a-female put-on dress
of-woman
ao. αμείβω ao.
εν δύω
καὶ φοιτέων ες πᾶσαν γῆν
επετέλεε τε
όργιά
and roaming over
whole earth
he-kept-performing mysterious
rites,
impf.
καὶ απηγέετο βίος εῖναι ευνοῦχου καὶ ήειδε Ῥέην.
narrating life of-being-eunuch and
praised Rhea.
impf. αείδω
εν τοῖσιν καὶ απίκετο ες Συρίην.
among which places he-entered into Syria.
εποιήσατο ̔ουτος ἱρὸν έπαιςεων όργια :
he-she-established this
temple to-practice orgy-mysteries
έλεγεν δὲ
καὶ
Γάλλων πέρι, οἳ
εισιν εν τῷ ἱρῷ,
He also affirmed about
the Galli who are in the temple
ευνοῦχιζουσι
αυτούς Ἥρῃ ου
̔ρέῃ ,
castrate themselves in honour of Hera
not Rhea
καὶ
ήκουσα άλλην
αιτίην
τῶν
ευνοῦχω
I-have-heard another
reason given for their
castration.
ἁνδάνει δέ
μοι ἃ
λέγουσι
περι ἱροῦ
it-is-pleasing to-me
what they-say about temple
ὁμολογέοντες τὰ πολλὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι,
agreeing
for-the-most-part with the Greeks
pap
δοκέοντες τὴν μὲν θεὸν Ἥρην,
according to these the goddess is Hera,
τὸ δε έργον ποίημα Διονύσου
but the work was made
by Dionysus,
καὶ
γὰρ δὴ Διόνυσος απίκετο ες Συρίην τοῦ ὁδὸν ερχομενος ̔υπο Αιθιοπίην.
Dionysus arrived
in Syria on his journey coming
from Aethiopia.
καὶ έστι
εν ἱρῷ̀̀
πολλὰ
σήματα
Διονύσου
ποιητέω
,
There-is
in temple many tokens
that Dionysus was actual founder:
εν τοῖσι καὶ βάρβαροι εσθῆτες
for instance, barbaric raiments ,
καὶ
Ἰνδοὶ
λίθοι
καὶ
ελεφάντων
κέρεα,
Indian precious stones, and elephants' tusks
τὰ
ήνεικεν
Διόνυσος εξ Αἰθιόπων,
things brought by Dionysus from
Aethiopians.
ao. φέρω
καὶ δύο
φαλλοὶ κάρτα μεγάλοι ἑστᾶσι ὲν προπυλαίοισι,
Further, a pair of phalli of great
size standing at
gateway,
pf. ̔ίστημι
επὶ
τῶν επίγραμμα τοιόνδε επιγέγραπται,
bearing the inscription, such
having-been-inscribed
perf.
‘ τούσδε Διόνυσος ανέθηκα φαλλοὺς μητρυιῇ Ἥρῃ.’
"I, Dionysus, dedicated these phalli to my stepmother Hera ."
ao. ανα τίθημι
καὶ ἐμοὶ μέν νυν τόδε αρκέει,
for-me this-now-satisfies.
ερέω δὲ καὶ
ἄλλα
όργιον ὅ τι εστὶ εν νηῷ Διονύσου.
And I-will-describe another rite
which is in
temple of Dionysus
Ἕλληνες εγείρουσι
φαλλοὺς Διονύσῳ ,
Greeks erect
phalli for-Dionysus,
επὶ τῶν καὶ
φέρουσι τοιόνδε
τι ,
and
upon which the-carry, such
something
άνδρας
μικροὺς
πεποιημένους εκ ξύλου
,
mannikins having-been-made out
of-wood,
perf. part
μεγάλα αιδοῖα
έχοντας:
with enormous genitals ;
καλέονται δὲ
τάδε
νευρόσπαστα.
they-call these puppets.
έστι
δὲ καὶ τόδε εν ἱρῷ εν δεξιῇ μικρὸς
χάλκεος νηοῦ
There-is
something-else in temple: on the right
a-small-bronse-statue
ανὴρ
κάθηται έχων μέγα
αιδοῖον.
man sits
having enormous genitals
τοσάδε μὲν
μυθολογέουσι αμφὶ
οικιστέων ἱροῦ .
These are the legends concerning
of-founders of temple.
ήδη δὲ ερέω καὶ πέρι θέσιός νηοῦ τε ὅκως εγένετο
I-will-proceed-to-speak placement
of-temple how it became
καὶ ὅστις
εποιήσατο μιν .
and who
built it.
λέγουσι νηὸν νῦν
εόντα μὴ
έμμεναι τὸν τὴν
γεγενημένον
αρχὴν,
They-say temple now existing not
being that which was-being-built originally:
perf.
part.
αλλα εκεῖνον μὲν κατενεχθῆναι χρόνῳ ὕστερον,
the primitive temple fell to pieces in
the course of time
ao.
pass. inf. κατα φέρω
τὸν
δὲ νῦν
εόντα έμμεναι ποίημα Στρατονίκης ,
the-one-now-being being
the work of Stratonice,
γυναικὸς Ἀσσυρίων βασιλέως.
wife of-Assyrians king .
δοκέει δέ
μοι
Στρατονίκη έμμεναι
εκείνη,
it-seems
to-me Stratonice to-be
whom
τῆς πρόγονος ηρήσατο,
her
stepson loved
ao. επάμαι
τὸν
επινοίη ιητροῦ
ήλεγξεν :
whom
the-attention of-doctor exposed :
ao.
ὡς
γάρ
συμφορὴ
κατέλαβε μιν ,
as
misfortune seized him
ao. κατα
λαμβάνω
αμηχανέων κακῷ
δοκέοντι αισχρῷ ενόσεε κατα ἡσυχίην,
being-at-loss-in-the-face-of an-evil-seeming shameful ,
he-started being still .
pap
κακῷ impf.
έκειτο δὲ αλγέων ουδέν,
He-layed, and although suffering-no-pain ,
καὶ οἱ ἥ τε
χροιὴ πάμπαν
ετρέπετο
and his
colour was-wholly-gone,
καὶ
σῶμα δια ἡμέρης
εμαραίνετο.
and
body withered through
of-day
ὁ δὲ ἰητρὸς ὡς εῖδέ αρρωστέοντα μιν
ες ουδὲν εμφανὲς,
The doctor, saw
that-he-was-suffering from no
definite disease,
pap
έγνω νοῦσον έμμεναι
έρωτα
.
recognized sickness
to-be love.
ao.
γιγνώσκω
πολλὰ δὲ αφανέος σημήια έρωτος ,
Many
the sign of secret love:
ασθενέες τε οφθαλμοί καὶ
φωνὴ καὶ
χροιὴ καὶ
δάκρυα.
weaknesses of vision, voice and complexion, and tears
ιητρός δὲ
μαθὼν εποίεε ταῦτα :
The doctor having-learned did things
,
ao. part. μανθάνω
εῖχε δεξιῇ χειρὶ μὲν καρδίην νεηνίσκου ,
was-holding right
hand to heart of young man,
impf.
έχω
εκάλεε δὲ ανὰ πάντας οικίην :
and summoned all the domestics .
δὲ τῶν μὲν
πάντων άλλων
εσιόντων ῆν εν μεγάλῃ
ηρεμίῃ,
all
others entering he-was
in great quietude
pap
ὡς δὲ μητρυιὴ απίκετο , ηλλάξατο τε χροιὴν
as
stepmother entered he-suddenly-changed to-pale
ao.
καὶ
άρξατο ἱδρώειν καὶ
είχετο τρόμῳ καὶ καρδίη ανεπάλλετο.
and started to-sweating and was-seized
to-tremble, and heart began-beating-rapidly.
impf.
τὰ δὲ γιγνόμενα , εποίεε έρωτα εμφανέα ιητρῷ τὸν
These-things becoming
, made love obvious
to-doctor.
καί ὧδε
ιήσατο
μιν .
and thus treated
him
αο. ιάομαι
καλέσας
νεηνίσκου πατέρα κάρτα
ορρωδέοντα,
Summoning the young man's father, being-very-anxious ,
pap
‘ ἥδε νοῦσος,’ ἔφη, ‘ ὅδε
παῖς αρρωστέει,
‘ and this illness ‘
he said ‘ this
son is-sick
ου
εστι
νοῦσός , αλλὰ
αδικίη:
is
not desease , but of-wrongdoing :
ὅδε γάρ τοι
αλγέει μὲν
ουδέν,
" while he suffers nothing
έρως δέ καὶ φρενοβλαβείη έχει μιν .
yet
love and madness
has him .
επιθυμέει
δὲ τῶν τεύξεται ουδαμὰ ,
he-desires which
he-will-come-upon nothing
fut. τυγχάνω
φιλέων εμήν γυναῖκα, τὴν εγὼ
ούτι μετήσομαι.’
“ loving
my wife, whom I will never give up."
ὁ μὲν ῶν τοιάδε εψεύδετο
σοφίῃ .
This
therefore such was-trick
of wise physician.
ὁ δὲ
αυτίκα
ελίσσετο
ιητρον,
he straightway was-begging the doctor
impf.
‘πρός
τε σοφίης καὶ
ιητρικῆς, μή μοι παῖδα
ολέσῃς :
by his wisdom and doctorial-skill not to let his son perish
τοῦ νοῦσος
ου γὰρ εθέλων
ταύτῃ συμφορῇ, έσχετο
αεκουσίη.
"His malady depended not on his wish ;
it was-held involuntary.
ao. έχω
λισσε οῦν ιητρος , τί ποιεωμεν
Pray then doctor ,
what do we do ?
imper. subj.
ιητρος αμείβοτο
, ʼ ευνοῦχος εστι άριστος άκος
ʼ
the doctor replied, ‘ castration is best
cure ‘
ὧδε
μὲν ιητρὸς έρωτα έγνω τε καὶ ιήσατο.
thus
doctor detected and cured the malady.
ποτέ μετα ,
Στρατονίκη
εθεήσατο εν
όναρι
sometime
later , Stratonice saw in
vision
ʼΉρη κελεύμενα τῆν εγεῖραι νηον ̔οῦτῄ θεῃ εν ̔ιρῇ πόλει
Hera
ordering her to-rear
a-temple to this goddess at Heirapolis
.
ιε
δε
απειθέοι πολλὰ καὶ κακὰ τυγχανω
if
she-disobeyed, much bad
would-happen
op.
subj.
δὲ τὰ μὲν
πρῶτα βασίλεια ουδεμίαν ώρην εποιέετο μετὰ δέ,
at first
the-queen began by disregarding
the dream, but later,
ὥς μεγάλη
νοῦσος έλαβε μιν ,
when
a-dangerous illness seized her ,
ao.
λαμβάνω
απηγήσατο τε τὴν όψιν ανδρὶ
she-told her vision
to-husband,
ao.
απο ʼηγέομαι
καὶ ἱλάσκετο Ἥρην καὶ ὑπεδέξατο στήσειν νηὸν.
and appeased Hera, and
undertook to-establish temple.
ao. ̔ειπ δείκνυμι fut.
inf. ̔ίστημι
καὶ
αυτίκα γενομένην ὑγιέα ανὴρ έπεμπε τὴν ες ἱρὴν πόλιν,
straightaway having-became healthy
husband sent her to
Hierapolis,
ao. part.
σὺν
δὲ καὶ χρὴματα καὶ πολλήν στρατιὴν,
and
with money and large army
τοὺς μὲν
οικοδομέειν, τοὺς δὲ
καὶ εἵνεκα
ασφαλέος .
the-former
to-build
the-latter for-the-sake-of protection
.
καλέσας
δέ τινα
τῶν ἑωυτοῦ
φίλων, νεηνίην κάρτα
καλόν,
having-summoned one of her friends a-young-man
very handsome ,
ao. part.
τῷ οὔνομα ῆν Κομβάβος,
έφη, ‘εγώ οῖσα τοι, ῶ Κομβάβε,
whose
name was Combabus, and said, " I know
you ,Combabus,
εσθλὸν
εόντα
φίλων εμῶν φιλέω τε
μάλιστα
being
good of-my-friends i-love
you most
pap
καὶ
πάμπαν επαινέω σοφίης τε καὶ
ευνοίης ες ἡμέας,
and I-wholly-approve because-of-your-wisdom and for-the-goodwill towards-me .
ἣν δὴ
επεδέξαο. νῦν δέ
χρειὼ
μεγάλης
πίστιος
μοι ,
which
you-have-dislayed now i-want
large trust to-me
σ ao.
επι
δείκνυμι
τῷ σε
θέλω
σὺ ἑσπόμενον εμῇ γυναικὶ τέ
επιτελέσαι
μοι έργον
therefore
I-wish you having-accompanyed my wife,
to-accomplish my work,
ao.
part.
καὶ
τελέσαι ἱρὰ καὶ σοὶ
επικρατέειν εμοῦ
στρατιῆς
and
to-perform sacrifices due, and
for-you to-command my army.
ao. inf.
δὲ απικομένῳ έσσεται μεγάλη τιμὴ εξ ἡμέων .’
having-returned there-will-be great
honor from us
ao. part. fut. ειμί
πρὸς τάδε Κομβάβος αυτίκα λίσσετο πολλὰ λιπαρέων
in-answer-to that
Combabus straightaway begged and prayed
unaug. impr.
μή μιν
εκπέμπειν μηδὲ
πιστεύειν τον εν τῳ μέζονα ἑωυτοῦ
not to-be-despatched, and not to-trust in-matters
greater then-himself
inf.
χρήματα καὶ
γυναῖκα
καὶ ἱρόν
έργον.
---moneys
and wife and
holy work
τὰ δὲ ορρώδεε μὴ κοτέ οἱ ζηλοτυπίη ὑστέρῳ
χρόνῳ
εγένοιτο ες Στρατονίκην ,
he-was-dreading lest
some jealousy later time
might-make-itself-felt with
Stratonice
unaug.
impf.
ao. op.
τὴν μοῦνος έμελλεν απάξειν.
whom
alone he was about
to-lead-away
fut. inf. απάγω
ὡς δὲ ουδαμὰ επείθετο,
since
he(king) was-not-persuaded he consent to escort her.
ἅπτεται δὲ ἱκεσίης
δευτέρης δοῦναί επτὰ ἡμερέων χρόνον ,
he-fastens-onto prayer
next to-grant 7
days time
The king, however, refused to be moved; so
ao. inf.
δίδωμι
εδέετο
δὲ
μιν
αποστεῖλαί μετὰ
τελέσαντὰ τι τῶν
μάλιστα.
he-asked him to-send-him-forth after completing what of-those-things important
ao.
inf. απο στέλλω
ao. part.
τυχὼν δὲ ῥηιδίως,
απικνέεται ες ἑωυτοῦ οῖκον
having- easily-gotten he
departs to his
house,
ao. part.
τυγχάνω
καὶ
πεσὼν χαμᾶζε τοιάδε ωδύρετο ‘ὼ δείλαιος,
throwing-himself to-the-ground, he-was-lementing O
sorrow :
ao. part. πίπτω impf.
οδύρομαι
τί
ταύτης
πίστιος μοι ;
Why this
trust in-me ?
τί δέ ὁδοῦ μοι , τῆς
τέλος
ήδη
δέρκομαι ;
what
journey for-me , of-which end
I already see?
εγὼ μὲν ειμί νέος καὶ
γυναικὶ
ἕψομαι
καλῇ .
I
am young and the lady I-will-escort fair.
fut. ̔έπομαι
τόδε έσσεται μεγάλη συμφορὴ μοι ,
This
will-be mighty disaster for-me ,
fut.
ει μὴ
έγωγε
αποθήσομαι πᾶσαν αιτίην
κακοῦ:
unless
I put-away entirely cause
of-trouble .
fut.
απο τίθημι
τῷ χρῆν
αποτελέσαι μέγα έργον ,
Therefore
it-is-necessary
to-accomplish mighty deed
ao. inf.
χρὴ
̔ ος
ιήσεται πάντα
μοι
φόβον.’
which will-heal all my
fears.
Τάδε ειπὼν
, ̔ο ευνουχίζετο αυτός
" having-said this
he casterated himself
ao. λέγω
ao.
καὶ
ταμὼν κατέθετο τόν αιδοῖα ες μικρὸν αγγήιον
having-snipped he-stowed-away his
testicles in a little urn
ao. part. τάμνω ao.
κατα τίθημι
ἅμα τε σμύρνῃ καὶ μέλιτι καὶ άλλοισι θυώμασι :
together with myrrh and honey
and various incenses
καὶ
έπειτα σημηνάμενος
σφρηγῖδι ιῆτο τρῶμα,
then
having-sealed with-seal he-set-about-healing wound
ao. part. σημαίνω impf. ιάομαι
μετὰ
δέ, ὥς εδόκεε αυτός ὁδοιπορέειν,
As soon as he-deemed
himself fit to-travel
απικόμενος
ες τὸν
βασιλέα
πολλῶν
παρεόντων ἅμα τε διδοτι αγγήιον
arriving to the king, of-many-being-present at-once
gives urn
καὶ λέγει ὧδε
‘ ῶ δέσποτα,
and spoke as follows: "Master!
τόδε μοι
μέγα
κειμήλιον
απεκέατο εν μευ
οικείοισι,
This
my great treasure
was-stored in my
house,
impf.
εγὼ κάρτα επόθεον νῦν
δὲ επεὶ έρχομαι μεγάλην ὁδὸν,
and I very-much love
: but now because
i-go on long journey
τόδε
θήσομαι
παρὰ σοὶ .
this
i-will-place with you
fut.
τίθημι
σὺ δέ
έχειν
ασφαλέως μοι τόδε γάρ
βέλτερον χρυσοῦ μοι ,
you
keep save for-me for-this better than gold to me
εῦτε ὰν δὲ
απίκωμαι
αποίσομαι αῦτις
σόον .’
when
i-shall-return
i-will-retrieve again safe
subj. fut. απο φέρω
ὁ δὲ δεξάμενος εσημαίνετο ἑτέρῃ σφρηγῖδι
receiving placing/marking with another
seal
καὶ
ενετείλατο τοῦ ταμίῃσι
φρουρέειν.
he-enjoined to his treasurers to-guard .
ao.
εν τελείω
Κομβάβος μέν
απὸ νυν
ηνυεν τοῦδε ὁδὸν ασφαλέα
So Combabus from now
continued his journey in peace.
impf.
απικόμενοι δὲ ες ἱρὴν πόλιν οικοδόμεον νηὸν σπουδῇ
Arriving at Hierapolis they-were-building temple
with-haste
unaug. impf.
εν τοῖσι απέβαινε τάπερ ὁ Κομβάβος ορρώδεεν.
Meantime the event came to pass which Combabus was-fearing
unaug. impf.
Στρατονίκη γὰρ συνόντα μιν επὶ πολλὸν χρόνον άρχετο ποθέειν μιν ,
Stratonice began to love him who
being-with-her for so long begain to-desire him
pap
μετὰ δὲ ̔η καὶ κάρτα επεμήνατο.
later
she-became-madly-in-love
ao. επι
μαίνομαι
καὶ οἱ
εν ἱρῇ πόλει
λέγουσι τὴν θεαν Ἥρην
εθέλουσαν
γενέσθαι
αιτίην
τουτέων ,
Those of
Hierapolis affirm that goddess
Hera willingly was-to-generate cause of-trouble:
pap ao. inf.
θεα
εσθλὸν μὲν
Κομβάβον εόντα λαθέειν μηδαμά,
the goddess knew full well that Combabus being good-man , did not go unnoticed
ao. inf.
τίσασθαι δὲ Στρατονίκην , ὅτι
ου ῥηιδίως ὑπίσχετο νηὸν.
but she wished to-punish Stratonice
because unwillingness to undertake
building temple.
ao. ̔υπο ισχνέομαι
βασίλρια δὲ τὰ μὲν πρῶτα εσωφρόνεε αυτήν
The queen was at first coy and keep-controlling herself ,
impf.
καὶ νοῦσον έκρυπτε έρως δέ τοῦ
εγένετο μέζον ἡσυχίης ,
but with illness gone passion
of-him became greater than-inaction
ες εμφανὲς
ετρύχετο
κλαίεσκέ τε δια ἡμέρης
she-was-pining weeping
throughout the-day
impf. impf.
καὶ
ανεκαλέετο Κομβάβον
and
calling to-Combabus
impf.
τέλος δὲ αμηχανέουσα συμφορῇ
At last, being-helpless to master her passion,
βασίλρια
εδίζητο ευπρεπέα
ἱκεσίην.
the queen sought a suitable occasion for supplicating
his love.
άλλῳ μὲν
ὁμολογέειν
εφυλάσσετο τῆν έρωτα,
to-anyone-else she-guarded her passion
̔η δὲ αιδέετο επιχειρέειν.
she
was-ashamed to-enact
ῶν επινοέει τοιάδε,
Finally she-hits-upon the-following;
ἑωυτὴν
μεθύσασα οίνῳ , ελθεῖν ες
λόγους .
having-made-herself-drunk with-wine ,
to-come in words
ao. part. μεθύσκω
ἅμα
δὲ οίνῳ εσιόντι παρρησίη τε εσέρχεται
together
with-wine entering openness
arrises
for
courage rises after drinking and a repulse seems then
pap
ες έρχομαι
καὶ
αποτυχίη ου
κάρτα αισχρή,
failure not very abusive
αλλὰ ἕκαστα πρησσομένων
αναχωρέει ες
αγνοίην.
each
of-these-things-being-done
he-rejecting to-my-oblivion
pap
ὡς δέ ̔η εδόκεε, καὶ
εποίεε ταῦτα.
Thus
she acted did things .
impf.
καὶ
επεὶ
εγένοντο εκ
δείπνου,
when
they-were from the-table
απικομένη ες
οικεῖα
εν τοῖσι
Κομβάβος
αυλίζετο,
arriving
at chamber in which Combabus
dwelt,
λίσσετό
τε καὶ ἅπτετο τον γούνων
and was-begging , was-touching
his knees,
unaug. impf.
καὶ ὡμολόγεε την έρωτα .
and she avowed her guilty love.
ὁ δὲ
απεδέκετο
την
λόγον
καὶ
απηγήσατο αυτῶν πάθην
He
heard her words explained their
misfortune
and he told her all his
καὶ τὸ
έργον ες
εμφανὲς
ήνεικεν.
story and narrated all that he had done and finally
ιδοῦσα δὲ ἡ
Στρατονίκη τὰ
ούποτε
έλπετο,
disclosed
to her the manifest proofs of his statement.
μανίης μὲν
εκείνης
έσχετο,
έρωτος δὲ
ουδαμὰ
ελήθετο,
When
the queen witnessed this unexpected proof her
αλλὰ πάντα
οἱ συνεοῦσα
ταύτην παραμυθίην
εποιέετο
έρωτος
απρήκτοιο.
passion
indeed was quenched, but she never forgot her
love,
but in all her intercourse she cherished
the solace of her unavailing
affection.
ὁ μνήμη οὗτος
έρως
έστι
έτι νῦν
γίγνεται εν ἱρῇ πόλει :
The memory of this love is
still now alive
at Hierapolis
γυναῖκες εκεῖ έτι επιθυμέουσι Γάλλων
the women
there still are-enamoured of-castrates ,
καὶ
Γάλλοι
επιμαίνονται γυναιξὶ ,
and
the-castrates are-enamoured with-women
ζηλοτυπέει δὲ ουδείς,
but
with no jealousies
αλλὰ χρῆμα κάρτα ἱρὸν
σφίσι
νομίζουσι .
but
they-believe this-matter is-very-sacred to-them
τὰ δε ῶν εν τῇ ἱρῇ
πόλει αμφὶ τὴν
Στρατονίκην
ουδαμὰ τὸν '
βασιλέα λέληθε
, 11111111111111
The king was well informed by Stratonice as
to her
plupf.
λανθάνω
αλλὰ
πολλοὶ
απικνεόμενοι
κατηγόρεον καὶ
τὰ γιγνόμενα
απηγέοντο.
doings
at Hierapolis, for many who came thence brought
επὶ τοῖσι
περιαλγέων εξ ἀτελέος
τοῦ έργου
Κομβάβον
μετεκάλεεν.
the
tale of her doings. The monarch was deeply moved
άλλοι δὲ λέγουσι λόγον ούτι αληθέα, τὴν Στρατονίκην,
by the tidings, and before the work was
finished
επειδὴ απέτυχε τῶν
εδέετο,
summoned Combabus to his presence.
Others narrate
αυτὴν γράψασαν ες τὸν άνδρα τοῦ
Κομβάβου κατηγορέειν πείρην οἱ επικαλέουσαν,
with respect to this a circumstance
wholly untrue; that
καὶ
τὸ Ἕλληνες Σθενεβοίης πέρι λέγουσι καὶ Φαίδρης τῆς
Κνωσσίης,
Stratonice finding her prayers repulsed
wrote with her
ταυτὶ καὶ Ἀσσύριοι
ες Στρατονίκην
μυθολογέουσιν.
own hand to her husband and accused Combabus of
εγὼ μέν νυν
ουδὲ
Σθενεβοίην
πείθομαι ουδὲ
Φαίδρην τοιάδε
επιτελέσαι,
making an attempt upon her modesty; and what the
ει τὸν Ἱππόλυτον
ατρεκέως
επόθεε Φαίδρη.
Greeks
allege about their Stheneboea and about Phaedra
αλλὰ τὰ μὲν εχέτω ὅκως καὶ εγένετο.
the Cnosian the Assyrians tell in the same
way about Stratonice.
ὡς δὲ ἡ αγγελίη ες τὴν ἱρὴν:
For my part I do not believe that
either
πόλιν
απίκετο έγνω
τε ὁ Κομβάβος τὴν
αιτίην,
Stheneboea
nor Phaedra acted thus if Phaedra really
loved Hippolytus.
θαρσέων τε
ῇεν, ὅτι οἱ ἡ
απολογίη
οίκοι
ελείπετο,
However,
let the old version remain for what it is worth.
καί
μιν ελθόντα ὁ βασιλεὺς αυτίκα μὲν έδησέν τε καὶ εν φρουρῇ εῖχεν μετὰ δέ,
When, however, the news was brought to
Hierapolis,
παρεόντων οἱ τῶν φίλων οἳ καὶ τότε πεμπομένῳ τῷ Κομβάβῳ παρεγένοντο,
Combabus took count of the charge and
departed in a
παραγαγὼν ες μέσον κατηγορέειν άρχετο
spirit of full confidence, conscious that
the visible proof
καί οἱ
μοιχείην τε καὶ
ακολασίην
προύφερεν
κάρτα δὲ
δεινοπαθέων
πίστιν τε καὶ
φιλίην
ανεκαλέετο,
necessary
for his defence had been left in the city his
home.
λέγων
τρισσὰ
Κομβάβον
αδικέειν
μοιχόν τε
εόντα καὶ ες
πίστιν ὑβρίσαντα
On
his arrival the king immediately put him in prison under strict guard
καὶ
ες θεὸν ασεβέοντα, τῆς
εν τῷ έργῳ
τοιάδε έπρηξεν.
. Then in the presence of the
πολλοὶ δὲ
παρεστεῶτες
ήλεγχον ὅτι
αναφανδὸν
σφέας
αλλήλοισι
συνεόντας εῖδον.
friends
of the accused who had been present when
πᾶσιν δὲ
τέλος εδόκεεν
αυτίκα
θνήσκειν
Κομβάβον
θανάτου άξια
εργασμένον.
Combabus was commissioned to
depart, the king
τέως
δέ ̔ο μὲν
ἑστήκεεν
δικαστήριον
meanwhile he had-been-summoned to-court
plupf.
̔ιστημι
λέγων
ουδέν
επεὶ δὲ ήδη ήγετο τον μοιχοῦ ,
saying
nothing then forthwith accused
him of-adultery
φθέγξατό
τε καὶ αίτεε τον
κειμήλιον σῳζομενος
,
he-spoke-up asked
for his treasure that-was-being-kept-safe
ao.
λέγων ὡς βασιλεύς αναιρέει μιν ουχ
ὕβριος ουδὲ γάμων εἵνεκα,
saying
that the king is-destroying him
αλλὰ
εκείνων
επιθυμέων τὰ οἱ
απιὼν
παρεθήκατο.
but because
desiring which he-departing
had-deposited with the-king
the confidence he had reposed in his
favourite and his
long friendship, he arraigned on three
distinct
ao.
παρα τίθημι
τάδε βασιλεὺς
καλέσας
ταμίην ,
εκέλευε τος
ενεῖκαι πρὸς
the king
called the treasurer ,
ordered him to-bring forth
τὰ οἱ
φρουρέειν
έδωκεν ὡς δὲ
ήνεικεν,
had broken his trust, finally, that he
had blasphemed the charges:
first, that he was an adulterer,
secondly, that he
goddess by acting thus while engaged in
her service.
Many
of the bystanders bore witness against him,
saying
that they had seen the guilty pair embracing.
ao. inf.
φέρω
λύσας
σφρηγῖδα και
Κομβάβος
επέδειξε τά τε
ενεόντα
loosed
seal and Combabus
showed the-things
being-inside
καὶ ̔ως ̔ο ευνουχιζε αυτον και ̔ῶδε ou έγαμε βασίλρια,
that
he had casterated himself and thus
did not fuck the queen
έλεξέ τε,
‘ῶ βασιλεῦ, τάδε εγὼ ορρωδέων τοι ,
O king this
I dreading for-you
pap
εῦτέ με ταύτην ὁδὸν έπεμπες, αέκων ῇον
left with a heavy heart, and I did my duty,
constrained by sheer necessity.
I obeyed my lord and master to mine own
undoing.
Such as I am, I stand accused of a crime
which
impf.
καὶ
επεί με
αναγκαίη
μεγάλη εκ σέο
κατέλαβεν,
having raised a shout
ao. κατ
λαμβανω
τοιάδε επετέλεσα, εσθλά μὲν ες δεσπότεα,
I did these good things to my master
ao.
εμοὶ δὲ ουκ ευτυχέα.
none but a man in every sense could
have committed.
τοιόσδε
μέντοι εὼν
ανδρὸς επ᾽
αδικίην
εγκαλέομαι.’
The king cried out in amazement at these words,
embraced
pass.
ὁ δὲ πρὸς τάδε αμβώσας περιέβαλὲν τέ μιν καὶ
δακρύων ἅμα
έλεγεν,
Combabus and said with tears,
"What great ruin, Combabus, hast thou
wrought upon thyself?
What monstrous deed of ill
ao. ao. περι βάλλω
‘ῶ Κομβάβε, τί μέγα κακὸν ειργάσαο ;
what great
bad did you do ?
ao. ερψάζομαι
τί δὲ σεωυτὸν οὕτως αεικέλιον έργον μοῦνος ανδρῶν ^ έπρηξας ;
hast thou, alone of men, wrought to thy
sorrow?
τὰ ου
πάμπαν
επαινέω.
ῶ
σχέτλιε, ὃς
τοιάδε έτλης,
I
cannot praise thee, rash spirit, for
enduring to suffer this outrage;
ao. τλάω
οἷα
μήτε σὲ παθέειν μήτε εμὲ ἰδέσθαι ώφελεν ου γάρ μοι
ταύτης απολογίης έδεεν.
would that thou hadst never borne it;
would that I had never seen its proofs!
ao. inf. ώφελεν
αλλα επεὶ δαίμων τοιάδε ήθελεν,
I needed not this thy defence.
πρῶτα
μέν σοι τίσις
εξ ἡμέων έσσεται,
But
since the deity bath willed it thus, I
will grant thee, first and foremost,
αυτέων συκοφαντέων ὁ θάνατος,
as thy revenge, the death of the
informers: and next there
μετὰ δὲ
μεγάλη δωρεὴ
απίξεται
χρυσός τε πολλὸς
shall
follow a mighty gift, a store of silver and countless gold,
καὶ
άργυρος άπλετος καὶ
εσθῆτες Ἀσσύριαι καὶ
ἵπποι βασιλήιοι.
and raiment of Assyria, and steeds from
the royal stud.
απίξεαι δὲ
παρ᾽ ἡμέας
άνευ εσαγγελέος
ουδέ τις
απέρξει σε ἡμετέρης όψιος,
Thou
shalt enter freely to us unannounced and none shall withstand thee:
ουδε ὴν
γυναικὶ ἅμα
ευνάζωμαι.’
none
shall keep thee from my sight, even
τάδε εῖπέν
τε ἅμα καὶ
εποίεεν:
were
I by my wife's side." Thus he spake, and thus he acted;
καὶ
οἱ μὲν
αυτίκα ες φόνον ήγοντο,
the informers were led off straightway to
their execution;
τῷ δὲ τὰ δῶρα εδέδοτο καὶ
ἡ φιλίη μέζων εγεγόνεεν.
Combabus was laden with gifts, and the
king's attachment to him was increased.
εδόκεεν δὲ ουδεὶς έτι Ἀσσυρίων Κομβάβῳ σοφίην καὶ ευδαιμονίην είκελος.
No one 6f the Assyrians was deemed
equal in wisdom and in fortune to
Combabus.
μετὰ δὲ
αιτησάμενος
εκτελέσαι τὰ
λείποντα τῷ νηῷ
having-sought to-complete
remaining things of the temple
ao. part.
—
ατελέα γάρ μιν
απολελοίπεεν —
αῦτις
επέμπετο,
unfinished in the construction of the temple
—for he had left it unfinished—he was
despatched anew; and he completed
καὶ τόν τε
νηὸν
εξετέλεσε καὶ
τὸ λοιπὸν αυτοῦ
έμενεν.
the
temple, and there he abode. To mark his sense of the
έδωκεν δέ οἱ βασιλεὺς αρετῆς τε
virtue and good deeds of his architect,
the king granted him
καὶ
εὐεργεσίης εἵνεκα ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ ἑστάναι χάλκεον
a brazen statue of himself to stand in the
temple of his construction.
καὶ
έτι ες τιμὴν εν τῷ ἱρῷ Κομβάβος χάλκεος,
And even to the present day this brazen
statue
Ἑρμοκλέος
τοῦ Ῥοδίου
ποίημα, μορφὴν
μὲν ὁκοίη γυνή,
is
seen standing in the temple, the work of Hermocles of
εσθῆτα δὲ ανδρηίην έχει.
Rhodes. Its form is that of a woman, but
the garments are those of a man.
λέγεται δὲ
τῶν φίλων τοὺς
μάλιστὰ οἱ
ευνοέοντας
It
is said, too, that his most intimate
friends,
ες
παραμυθίην τοῦ
πάθεος
κοινωνίην
ελέσθαι τῆς συμφορῆς:
as
a proof of their sympathy, castrated themselves like him,
έτεμον γὰρ
ἑωυτοὺς καὶ
δίαιταν τὴν
αυτὴν εκείνῳ διαιτέοντο.
and chose
the same manner of life.
άλλοι δὲ ἱρολογέουσι επὶ τῷ
πρήγματι,
Others there are
who bring gods into the story
λέγοντες ὡς Κομβάβον
φιλέουσα Ἥρη
affirming that Combabus was beloved by Hera;
and that it was she who inspired many
πολλοῖσι
τὴν τομὴν επὶ
νόον έβαλλεν,
λυπέοιτο ὅκως μὴ μοῦνος επὶ τῇ ανδρηίῃ
with the idea of castrating themselves,
so that her lover
should not be the only one to lament the
loss of his virility.
τὸ δὲ έθος τοῦτο επειδὴ
ἅπαξ εγένετο, έτι νῦν
μένει:
Meantime the custom once adopted
remains even to-day,
καὶ πολλοὶ
ἑκάστου
έτεος εν τῷ ἱρῷ
τάμνονται καὶ
θηλύνονται,
and many persons every year castrate
themselves and lose
είτε Κομβάβον παραμυθεόμενοι είτε
their virile powers: whether it be out of
sympathy with Combabus,
καὶ
χαρίζονται Ἥρῃ:
τάμνονται δε
ῶν.
or to find favour with Hera. They certainly
εσθῆτα δὲ οἵδε ουκέτι ανδρηίην έχουσιν,
castrate themselves, and then cease to
wear man's garb;
αλλὰ φορέουσι τε γυναικήια εἵματά
they
don women's raiment and perform
καὶ
γυναικῶν έργα επιτελέουσι .
women's tasks. I have heard the origin of this ascribed to
ὡς δὲ εγὼ
ήκουον,
ανακέαται καὶ
τουτέων ες Κομβάβον ἡ αιτίη:
Combabus as well, for the following event
occurred to him.
συνενείχθη
γάρ οἱ καὶ τάδε.
A
certain foreign woman who had joined a sacred assembly,
ξείνη γυνὴ
ες πανήγυριν
απικομένη,
beholding a human form
ιδοῦσα
εόντα τε καλόν
καὶ εσθῆτα
έτι ανδρηίην
έχοντα,
of extreme beauty
and dressed in man's attire,
έρωτι μεγάλῳ έσχετο,
became violently enamoured of him: after
μετὰ δὲ μαθοῦσα ατελέα εόντα ἑωυτὴν διειργάσατο.
discovering that he was unsexed, she took
away her life.
επὶ
τοῖσι Κομβάβος, ἀθυμέων ὅτι
οἱ ατυχέως τὰ ες Ἀφροδίτην έχει,
Combabus accordingly in despair at his
incapacity for love,
ενεδύσατο
γυναικηίην εσθῆτα,
donned
woman's attire ,
ὅκως μηκέτι
ἑτέρη γυνὴ ίσα εξαπατέοιτο.
so that
no woman in future might be deceived in the same way.
ἥδε αιτίη
Γάλλοισι στολῆς
θηλέης.
This
is the reason of the female attire of
the Galli.
Κομβάβου
μέν μοι τοσάδε
ειρήσθω,
Enough of Combabus and his story:
Γάλλων δὲ αῦτις
εγὼ λόγῳ ὑστέρῳ μεμνήσομαι,
in the
course of my story I shall make mention of the Galli,
τομῆς τε αὐτέων, ὅκως τάμνονται, καὶ
ταφῆς ὁκοίην θάπτονται,
and of
their castration, and of the methods employed to effect it,
and of the burial rites wherewith they are
buried, and the
reasons why they have no ingress to the
temple; but before
καὶ ὅτευ εἵνεκα
ες τὸ ἱρὸν ουκ
εσέρχονται:
πρότερον δέ
μοι .
this
I am inclined to speak of the site of the temple and of its size:
θυμὸς ειπεῖν
θέσιὸς τε πέρι τοῦ
νηοῦ καὶ
μεγάθεος, καὶ
δῆτα ερέω
and so I will even speak.
ὁ μὲν χῶρος
αυτός, εν τῷ τὸ ἱρὸν
ἵδρυται, λόφος
εστί ,
The place whereon the temple is placed is a hill:
κέαται δὲ
κατὰ μέσον
μάλιστα τῆς
πόλιος,
it
lies nearly in the centre of the
city,
καὶ οἱ
τείχεα δοιὰ
περικέαται.
and is surrounded by a
double wall.
τῶν
δὲ τειχέων τὸ μὲν ἀρχαῖον,
Of the two walls the one is
ancient;
τὸ δὲ ου
πολλὸν ἡμέων
πρεσβύτερον.
the
other is not much older than our own times.
τὰ δὲ προπύλαια τοῦ
ἱροῦ ες άνεμον βορέην
αποκέκρινται,
The
entrance to the temple faces the north;
μέγαθος ὅσον
τε ἑκατὸν
οργυιέων.
its
size is about a hundred fathoms.
εν τούτοισι τοῖσι προπυλαίοισι
In
this entrance those phalli stand which
καὶ
οἱ φαλλοὶ ἑστᾶσι τοὺς Διόνυσος εστήσατο,
Dionysus
erected:
ἡλικίην καὶ
οἵδε τριηκοσίων οργυιέων.
they stand thirty fathoms high.
ες τουτέων τὸν ἕνα
φαλλὸν ανὴρ ἑκάστου
έτεος δὶς
ανέρχεται
Into
one of these a man mounts twice every year,
οικέει τε
εν άκρῳ τῷ
φαλλῷ χρόνον ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων.
and
he abides on the summit of the phallus
for the space of seven days.
The reason of this ascent is given as
follows:
αιτίη δέ οἱ
τῆς ανόδου ἥδε
λέγεται.
The people believe that the man who is aloft
holds converse with the gods,
οἱ μὲν πολλοὶ νομίζουσιν ὅτι
ὑψοῦ τοῖσι θεοῖσιν ὁμιλέει
and prays for good fortune for the whole
of Syria,
καὶ
αγαθὰ ξυναπάσῃ Συρίῃ αιτέει,
and that the gods from their neighbourhood
hear his prayers.
οἱ δὲ τῶν
ευχωλέων
αγχόθεν
επαΐουσιν.
Others allege that this
takes place in memory of the great
άλλοισιν
δὲ δοκέει καὶ
τάδε Δευκαλίωνος εἵνεκα
ποιέεσθαι,
calamity
of Deukalion's time, when men
climbed up to
εκείνης
ξυμφορῆς
μνήματα,
ὁκότε
οἱ άνθρωποι
ες τὰ ούρεα
mountain tops
καὶ ες
τὰ περιμήκεα τῶν
δενδρέων ῇσαν
τὸ πολλὸν ὕδωρ
ορρωδέοντες.
and to the highest trees, in terror of the mass of waters
εμοὶ μέν
νυν καὶ τάδε
απίθανα.
To
me all this seems highly improbable,
δοκέω γε μὲν
Διονύσῳ σφέας
καὶ τάδε
ποιέειν,
and
I think that they observe this custom
in honour of Dionysus
συμβάλλομαι δὲ τουτέοισι.
and I conjecture this from the following
fact, that all those
φαλλοὺς ὅσοι Διονύσῳ εγείρουσι,
who rear phalli to Dionysus take
care to place mannikins of
εν τοῖσι
φαλλοῖσι καὶ
άνδρας
ξυλίνους
κατίζουσιν,
wood on the phalli;
ὅτευ μὲν
εἵνεκα εγὼ οὐκ
ερέω. δοκέει δε
σ͂ν μοι,
the reason of this I cannot say, but it seems to me
καὶ ὅδε ες
εκείνου μίμησιν
τοῦ ξυλίνου
ανδρὸς
ανέρχεται.
that
the ascent is made in imitation of the wooden mannikin.
ἡ δέ οἱ
άνοδος
τοιήδε:
To proceed, the ascent is made in this way; the man
σειρῇ μικρῇ
ἑωυτόν τε ἅμα
καὶ τὸν φαλλὸν
περιβάλλει,
throws
round himself and the phallus a small chain;
μετὰ δὲ
επιβαίνει
ξύλων προσφυῶν
τῷ φαλλῷ ὁκόσον
ες χώρην
άκρου ποδός:
afterwards
he climbs up by means of pieces of wood
ανιὼν δὲ ἅμα αναβάλλει τὴν
σειρὴν αμφοτέρωθεν ὅκωσπερ ἡνιοχέων.
attached to the phallus large enough to
admit the end of his foot.
ει δέ τις
τόδε μὲν ουκ
όπωπεν,
As
he mounts he jerks the chain up his own length, as a driver his reins
όπωπεν δὲ φοινικοβατέοντας ὴ εν Ἀραβίῃὴ εν Αἰγύπτῳ ὴ άλλοθί κου, οῖδε τὸ λέγω.
Those who have not seen this
process,
but who have seen those who have to climb
palm trees in Arabia,
or in Egypt, or any other place,
Ἐπεὰν δὲ ες τέλος ἵκηται
τῆς ὁδοῦ,
will understand what I mean.
σειρὴν ἑτέρην αφεὶς τὴν αυτὸς έχει,
When he has climbed to the top, he lets
down a
μακρὴν
ταύτην,
ανέλκει τῶν οἱ
θυμός,
different
chain, a long one, and drags up anything that he
ξύλα καὶ εἵματα
καὶ σκεύεα,
wants,
such as wood, clothing, and vases;
απὸ
τῶν ἕδρην συνδέων ὁκοίην
καλιὴν ἱζάνει,
he binds these together and sits upon them, as it were, on
a nest, and he
μίμνει τε
χρόνον τῶν εῖπον
ἡμερέων.
remains
there for the space of time that I have mentioned.
πολλοὶ δὲ
απικνεόμενοι
χρυσόν τε καὶ
άργυρον,
Many visitors bring him gold and silver, and some
bring brass;
then those who have brought these
offerings leave them and depart,
οἱ δὲ
χαλκόν, τὰ
νομίζουσιν,
and
each visitor gives his name.
ες εχῖνον πρόσθε
κείμενον κατιᾶσιν,
A
bystander shouts the name up;
and he on hearing the name utters a
prayer for each donor;
λέγοντες τὰ ουνόματα ἕκαστος.
between the prayers he raises a sound on
a brazen instrument which,
παρεστεὼς
δὲ άλλος άνω
αγγέλλει:
on
being shaken, gives forth a loud and
grating noise.
ὁ δὲ
δεξάμενος
τούνομα ευχωλὴν
ες ἕκαστον
ποιέεται,
He
never sleeps; for if at any time
ἅμα δὲ
ευχόμενος
κροτέει ποίημα
χάλκεον,
sleep
surprises him, a scorpion creeps up and wakes him,
τὸ αείδει
μέγα καὶ τρηχὺ
κινεόμενον.
and
stings him severely; this is the penalty for wrongfully sleeping.
εὕδει δὲ οὐδαμά: ὴ̀ν γάρ
μιν ὕπνος ἕλῃ ποτέ,
This story about the scorpion
is a sacred one,
σκορπίος
ανιὼν
ανεγείρει τε
καὶ αεικέα
εργάζεται,
and one of the mysteries of religion;
καὶ
οἱ ἥδε
ἡ ζημίη τοῦ ὕπνου επικέαται.
whether it is true I cannot say,
τὰ μὲν ὦν ες τὸν
σκορπίον μυθέονται ἱρά
τε καὶ
θεοπρεπέα:
but, as it seems to me, his wakefulness
is in no small
ει δὲ ἀτρεκέα εστί
, ουκ έχω ερέειν.
degree due to his fear of falling.
δοκέει δέ
μοι, μέγα ες
αγρυπνίην
συμβάλλεται
So much then for the
καὶ
τῆς πτώσιος ἡ ορρωδίη.
Φαλλοβατέων
μὲν δὴ πέρι
τοσάδε αρκέει. ὁ
climbers of the phalli.,
δὲ νηὸς
ὁρέει μὲν ες ἠέλιον
ανιόντα,
As
for the temple it looks to the rising
sun.
εῖδος δὲ καὶ εργασίην ἐστὶ ὁκοίους νηοὺς εν Ἰωνίῃ ποιέουσιν.
In appearance, and in workmanship, it is
like the temples
ἕδρη
μεγάλη ανέχει
εκ γῆς μέγαθος
οργυιέων δυοῖν,
which
they build in Ionia, the foundation rises from the earth to the space of two fathoms,
επὶ τῆς ὁ
νηὸς
επικέαται.
and
on this rests the temple.
άνοδος ες
αυτὸν
λίθου
πεποίηται, ου κάρτα
μακρή.
The ascent to the temple is built of wood and not particularly wide; as you mount,
ανελθόντι δὲ θωῦμα μὲν
καὶ ὁ πρόνηος μέγα παρέχεται θύρῃσί
τε ήσκηται χρυσέῃσιν ένδοθεν δὲ ὁ νηὸς
χρυσοῦ τε
πολλοῦ
απολάμπεται καὶ
ἡ οροφὴ πᾶσα
χρυσέη.
even
the great hall exhibits a wonderful spectacle and it is ornamented with
golden doors.
απόζει δὲ αυτοῦ οδμὴ αμβροσίη ὁκοίη λέγεται τῆς
χώρης τῆς
Ἀραβίης,
The temple within is ablaze with gold and the
ceiling
καί σοι
τηλόθεν
ανιόντι
προσβάλλει
πνοιὴν κάρτα
αγαθὴν καὶ ὴν
αῦτις απίῃς,
in its entirety is golden.
There falls upon you also a divine
ουδαμὰ
λείπεται, αλλά
σευ τά τε εἵματα
ες πολλὸν
έχει τὴν πνοιὴν
fragrance such as is
attributed to the region of Arabia,
καὶ σὺ ες
πάμπαν αυτῆς
μνήσεαι.
which
breathes on you with a refreshing influence as you mount
the long steps, and even when
you have departed this fragrance clings to you;
nay, your very raiment
retains long that sweet odour,
and it will ever remain in
your memory.
ένδοθεν δὲ ὁ νηὸς ουκ ἁπλόος εστί
,
But the temple within is not
uniform. A
special
αλλὰ
εν αυτῷ
θάλαμος άλλος
πεποίηται.
sacred shrine is reared
within it; the ascent to this likewise is
not steep,
άνοδος καὶ
ες τοῦτον
ολίγη:
nor
is it fitted with doors, but is entirely open as you approach it.
θύρῃσι δὲ
ουκ ήσκηται,
αλλὰ ες αντίον ἅπας
αναπέπταται.
The
great temple is open to all; the sacred
ες μὲν ῶν
τὸν μέγαν νηὸν
πάντες
εσέρχονται,
shrine to the priests alone
and not to all even of these,
ες δὲ τὸν
θάλαμον οἱ ἱρέες μοῦνον,
but
only to those who are deemed nearest to the gods
ου μέντοι
πάντες οἱ ἱρέες,
and
who have the charge of the entire
administration of the sacred rites.
αλλὰ οἳ
μάλιστα
αγχίθεοί τὲ
εισι
καὶ οἷσι
πᾶσα ες τὸ ἱρὸν
μέλεται
θεραπηίη.
In this shrine are placed
the statues,
εν δὲ τῷδε
εἵαται τὰ ἕδεα,
ἥ τε Ἥρη
καὶ τὸν αὐτοὶ
Δία εόντα ἑτέρῳ
ουνόματι
κληίζουσιν.
one of which is
Hera, the other Zeus, though they call him by another name.
άμφω δὲ χρύσεοί τέ εισιν καὶ
άμφω
ἕζονται:
Both of these are golden, both are
sitting;
αλλὰ τὴν μὲν
Ἥρην λέοντες
φέρουσιν,
Hera is supported by lions, Zeus is sitting on bulls.
ὁ δὲ ταύροισιν εφέζεται.
The effigy of Zeus recalls Zeus in all its details—
Καὶ
δῆτα τὸ μὲν τοῦ
Διὸς άγαλμα ες Δία πάντα ὁρῇ
his head, his robes, his throne;
καὶ
κεφαλὴν καὶ
εἵματα καὶ
ἕδρην
nor
even if you wished it could you take him for another deity.
καί μιν ουδὲ
ἐθέλων άλλως
εικάσεις.
Hera, however,
ἡ δὲ Ἡρη
σκοπέοντί τοι
πολυειδέα μορφὴν
εκφανέει:
as you look at her will recall to you a variety of forms.
καὶ
τὰ μὲν
ξύμπαντα ατρεκέϊ λόγῳ Ἥρη εστί ,
Speaking generally she is undoubtedly Hera,
έχει δέ τι
καὶ Ἀθηναίης
καὶ Ἀφροδίτης
καὶ Σεληναίης
but
she has something of the attributes of Athene, and
καὶ
Ῥέης καὶ
Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ
Νεμέσιος καὶ
Μοιρέων.
of Aphrodite, and of Selene, and of
Rhea, and of Artemis,
χειρὶ δὲ τῇ μὲν
ἑτέρῃ σκῆπτρον έχει,
and of Nemesis, and of The Fates.
τῇ ἑτέρῃ δὲ άτρακτον,
In one of her hands she holds a sceptre
καὶ
επὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ ακτῖνὰς τε φορέει καὶ
πύργον
in the other a distaff; on her head she
bears
καὶ
κεστὸν τῷ μούνην τὴν
Οὐρανίην κοσμέουσιν.
and a tower and she has a girdle wherewith
they adorn rays
έκτοσθεν
δέ οἱ χρυσός τε
άλλος
περικέαται
none
but Aphrodite of the sky.
καὶ
λίθοι κάρτα πολυτελέες,
And without she is gilt with gold, and gems of
τῶν
οἱ μὲν
λευκοί, οἱ δὲ ὑδατώδεες, πολλοὶ δὲ οινώδεες,
great price adorn her, some white, some
sea-green,
πολλοὶ δὲ πυρώδεες,
others
wine-dark,
έτι δὲ όνυχες οἱ Σαρδῷοι πολλοὶ καὶ
ὑάκινθοι καὶ
σμάραγδοι,
others flashing like fire. Besides these
there are many onyxes
τὰ φέρουσιν Αιγύπτιοι καὶ
Ἰνδοὶ καὶ
Αιθίοπες καὶ
Μῆδοι καὶ
Ἀρμένιοι καὶ
Βαβυλώνιοι.
from Sardinia and the jacinth and emeralds,
the offerings of the Egyptians and of
the Indians,
Ethiopians, Medes, Armenians, and Babylonians.
τὸ δὲ δὴ
μέζονος λόγου
άξιον, τοῦτο
απηγήσομαι:
But
the greatest wonder of all I will
proceed to tell:
λίθον επὶ τῇ
κεφαλῇ φορέει:
λυχνὶς
καλέεται,
she bears a gem on her
head called a Lychnis;
ούνομα δὲ οἱ τοῦ
έργου ἡ συντυχίη.
it takes its name from its attribute.
απὸ τούτου
εν νυκτὶ σέλας
πολλὸν
απολάμπεται,
From
this stone flashes a great light in the night-time,
ὑπὸ δὲ οἱ καὶ
ὁ νηὸς ἅπας οἷον ὑπὸ λύχνοισι φαείνεται,
so that
the whole temple gleams brightly as by the light of myriads of candles,
εν ἡμέρῃ δὲ
τὸ μὲν φέγγος
ασθενέει,
but
in the day-time the brightness grows faint;
ιδέην δὲ
έχει
κάρτα
πυρώδεα,
the
gem has the likeness of a bright fire.
καὶ άλλο
θωυμαστόν εστι εν τῷ
ξοάνῳ.
There
is also another the gem has the
likeness of a bright fire.
ὴν ἑστεὼς αντίος εσορέῃς,
ες σὲ ὁρῇ
There is also another you in the face, and as you pass it the gaze
still follows you,
καὶ
μεταβαίνοντι τὸ
βλέμμα
ακολουθέει:
and
if another approaching from a different quarter looks at it,
καὶ
ἢν άλλος ἑτέρωθεν ἱστορέῃ,^
he is similarly affected.
ίσα καὶ
ες εκεῖνον εκτελέει.
εν μέσῳ δὲ
αμφοτέρων ἕστηκεν
ξόανον άλλο
χρύσεον,
Between
the two there stands another image of gold,
ουδαμὰ τοῖσι άλλοισι ξοάνοισι είκελον.
no
part of it resembling the others.
τὸ δὲ μορφὴν μὲν
ιδίην ουκ
έχει,
This possesses no special form of its own,
φορέει δὲ τῶν
άλλων θεῶν
είδεα.
but
recalls the characteristics of other gods.
καλέεται δὲ σημήιον καὶ
ὑπ᾽ αυτῶν Ἀσσυρίων,
The Assyrians themselves speak of it as a
symbol,
but they have assigned to it no definite
name.
ουδέ τι ούνομα
ίδιον αυτῷ έθεντο,
They
have nothing to tell us about its
origin, nor its form:
αλλα ουδὲ
γενέσιος αυτοῦ
καὶ είδεος
λέγουσιν.
some
refer it to
καί
μιν οἱ μὲν ες Διόνυσον,
Dionysus; others to
Deukalion;
άλλοι δὲ ες Δευκαλίωνα,
others to Semiramis; for
its summit is crowned by a golden
pigeon,
οἱ δὲ ες Σεμίραμιν άγουσιν
and this is why they allege that it is the effigy of
Semiramis.
καὶ
γὰρ δὴ ῶν επὶ τῇ κορυφῇ αυτοῦ περιστερὴ χρυσέη εφέστηκεν,
It is taken
τοὔνεκα δὴ μυθέονται Σεμιράμιος έμμεναι τόδε σημήιον.
down to the sea twice in
every year to bring up the water of which I have spoken.
αποδημέει δὲ δὶς ἑκάστου έτεος ες θάλασσαν ες κομιδὴν τοῦ
εῖπον
ὕδατος.
In the body of the temple, as you enter,
εν αυτῷ δὲ
τῷ νηῷ
εσιόντων εν
αριστερῇ
κέαται πρῶτα μὲν
θρόνος Ἠελίου,
there
stands on the left hand side, a throne
for the Sun god;
αυτοῦ δὲ ἕδος
^ ουκ ένι :
μούνου γὰρ Ἠελίου
but there is no image upon it,
καὶ
Σεληναίης
ξόανα ου δεικνύουσιν.
for the effigies of the Sun
and Moon are not exhibited.
ὅτευ δὲ εἵνεκα
ὧδε
νομίζουσιν,
εγὼ καὶ
τόδε έμαθον,
I have learnt, however, the
reasons of this practice
λέγουσι τοῖσι μὲν άλλοισι θεοῖσιν ὅσιον έμμεναι ξόανα ποιέεσθαι,
They say that religion does not
forbid making
ου γὰρ
σφέων εμφανέα
πάντεσι τὰ
είδεα :
effigies
of the other deities, for the outward form of these deities is known to all;
ηέλιος δὲ
καὶ Σεληναίη
πάμπαν
εναργέες καὶ
σφέας πάντες ὁρέουσι.
but
the Sun and Moon are plain for all to
see, and all men behold them.
κοίη ῶν
αιτίη
ξοανουργίης τοῖσι
εν τῷ ηέρι
φαινομένοισι;
What
boots it, therefore,
to make effigies of those deities who
offer themselves for all to gaze on?
μετὰ δὲ τὸν θρόνον τοῦτον
κέαται ξόανον Ἀπόλλωνος,
Behind this throne stands an effigy of
Apollo of an
ουκ
οἷον εώθεε ποιέεσθαι:
unusual character. All other sculptors
think of Apollo as a youth,
οἱ μὲν γὰρ
άλλοι πάντες Ἀπόλλωνα
νέον τε ἥγηνται
καὶ πρωθήβην
ποιέουσιν,
and
represent him in the flower of his age.
μοῦνοι δὲ
οὗτοι Ἀπόλλωνος
γενειήτεω
ξόανον
δεικνύουσιν.
These artificers alone exhibit the Apollo of their
statuary as bearded.
καὶ τάδε
ποιέοντες ἑωυτοὺς
μὲν
επαινέουσιν,
They justify their action,
and criticise the Greeks and others who set up Apollo as a boy,
Ἑλλήνων δὲ κατηγορέουσιν
and appease him in that guise.
καὶ
άλλων ὁκόσοι
Ἀπόλλωνα παῖδα θέμενοι ἱλάσκονται. αιτίη δὲ ἥδε.
Their reason is that it is a mark of
ignorance to
δοκέει
αυτέοισι
ασοφίη μεγάλη
έμμεναι
ατελέα ποιέεσθαι
τοῖσι θεοῖσι τὰ
είδεα,
assign
imperfect forms to the gods, and they look on youth as imperfection.
τὸ δὲ νέον
ατελὲς
έτι
νομίζουσιν.
They
have also introduced another strange
novelty in sculpture:
εν δὲ καὶ
αλλο τῷ σφετέρῳ
Ἀπόλλωνι
καινουργέουσι:
they, and they alone,
μοῦνοι
Ἀπόλλωνα εἵμασι
κοσμέουσιν.
represent Apollo as robed.
έργων
δὲ αυτοῦ πέρι
πολλὰ μὲν έχω
ειπεῖν,
I
have much to say about his works, and I will tell
ερέω δὲ τὸ
μάλιστα
θωυμάζειν
άξιον.
what is most worthy of admiration.
πρῶτα δὲ
τοῦ μαντηίου
επιμνήσομαι.
First I will
speak of the oracle.
μαντήια πολλὰ μὲν παρ᾽ Ἕλλησι, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ παρ᾽ Αιγυπτίοισι,
There are many oracles among
the
Greeks, and many, too, among
the Egyptians,
τὰ δὲ καὶ
εν Λιβύῃ,
and
again in Libya
καὶ
εν τῇ δὲ Ἀσίῃ πολλά εστι .
and in Asia there are many too.
αλλὰ τὰ μὲν ούτε ἱρέων άνευ ούτε προφητέων φθέγγονται,
But these speak not, save by the mouth of priests and prophets:
ὅδε δὲ
αυτός τε
κινέεται καὶ τὴν
μαντηίην ες
τέλος
αυτουργέει.
this
one is moved by its own impulse, and
carries out the divining process to
τρόπος δὲ αυτῆς - τοιόσδε.
the very end.
εῦτ᾽ ὰν εθέλῃ χρησμηγορέειν,
The manner of his divination is the
following:
εν τῇ έδρῃ πρῶτα
κινέεται,
When
he is desirous of uttering an oracle, he first stirs in his
οἱ δέ μιν
ἱρέες αυτίκα αείρουσιν ὴν δὲ μὴ αείρωσιν,
and the priests straightway
raise him up. Should they seat,
ὁ δὲ ἱδρώει καὶ
ες μέζον έτι κινέεται.
fail to raise him up, he sweats,
εῦτ᾽ ὰν δὲ ὑποδύντες φέρωσιν,
and moves more violently than ever.
άγει σφέας πάντῃ περιδινέων
fail to raise him up, he sweats, and moves
more violently than ever.
καὶ ες
άλλον εξ ἑτέρου
μεταπηδέων.
round
in a circle, and leaps on one after another.
τέλος ὁ
αρχιερεὺς
αντιάσας
επερέεταί μιν
περὶ απάντων
πρηγμάτων:
At
last the high priest confronts him,
and questions him on every
ὁ δὲ ὴν τι
μὴ εθέλῃ
ποιέεσθαι,
οπίσω
αναχωρέει, ὴν
δὲ τι επαινέῃ,
The god, if he disapproves
of any action proposed, subject.
άγει ες τὸ
πρόσω τοὺς
προφέροντας ὅκωσπερ
ἡνιοχέων.
retreats
into the background; if, however, he happens to
οὕτως μὲν
συναγείρουσι τὰ
θέσφατα,
he
drives his bearers forward as if they were
approve it, horses.
καὶ
ούτε ἱρὸν πρῆγμα ουδὲν ούτε ίδιον τούτου άνευ ποιέουσιν.
It is thus that they gather the
oracles, and they
λέγει δὲ καὶ τοῦ
έτεος πέρι καὶ τῶν
ὡρέων αυτοῦ πασέων,
undertake nothing public or private
without this preliminary.
καὶ ὁκότε
ουκ έρονται
λέγει δὲ καὶ τοῦ
σημηίου πέρι,
κότε
This
god, too, speaks about the symbol, and points out when
χρή μιν
αποδημέειν τὴν
εῖπον
αποδημίην.
it
is the due season for the expedition of which I spoke in connexion therewith.
ερέω δὲ καὶ άλλο, τὸ εμεῦ παρεόντος έπρηξεν.
I will speak of another wonder, too,
which he performed in my presence.
οἱ μέν μιν ἱρέες
αείροντες
έφερον,
The
priests were raising him aloft, but he
ὁ δὲ τοὺς μὲν
εν γῇ κάτω
έλιπεν,
left
them on the ground,
αυτὸς δὲ
εν τῷ ηέρι μοῦνος
εφορέετο.
and
was born aloft himself alone.
μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα ξόανόν εστι Ἄτλαντος,
Behind Apollo is the statue of Atlas;
μετὰ δὲ Ἑρμέω καὶ
Ειλειθυίης.
behind that, the statue of Hermes and
Eilithyia.
τὰ μὲν ῶν εντὸς τοῦ νηοῦ ὧδε
κεκοσμέαται:
Such, then, are the interior decorations of
the temple;
έξω δὲ
βωμός τε
κέαται μέγας
χάλκεος,
outside
of it there stands a great altar of brass.
εν δὲ καὶ
άλλα ξόανα
μυρία χάλκεα
βασιλέων τε καὶ
ἱρέων:
It
contains also countless other brazen effigies of kings and priests.
καταλέξω δὲ
τῶν μάλιστα
άξιον
μνήσασθαι.
I
will mention those which seem most worthy of
remembrance
εν ἀριστερῇ
τοῦ νεὼ
Σεμιράμιος
ξόανον ἕστηκεν
εν δεξιῇ τὸν νηὸν
επιδεικνύουσα.
To
the left of the temple stands the image of
Semiramis,
ανέστη δὲ
δια αιτίην
τοιήνδε.
pointing with her right hand
to the temple. That
ανθρώποισιν ὁκόσοι Συρίην οικέουσιν νόμον εποιέετο ἑαυτὴν μὲν
ὅκως θεὸν ἱλάσκεσθαι,
image was erected to commemorate the
following occurrence:
θεῶν δὲ τῶν άλλων καὶ
αυτῆς Ἥρης αλογέειν.
The queen had issued a decree that all
the
καὶ
ὧδε εποίεον.
Syrians should worship her as a deity,
adding that they were
μετὰ δὲ ὥς οἱ θεόθεν απίκοντο νοῦσοί τε καὶ συμφοραὶ
καὶ άλγεα,
μανίης μὲν
εκείνης
απεπαύσατο
to
take no count of the others, not excepting even Hera; and
καὶ
θνητὴν ἑωυτὴν ὁμολόγεεν καὶ
τοῖσιν ὑπηκόοισιν αῦτις εκέλευεν ες Ἥρην τρέπεσθαι.
they obeyed her decree. Afterwards,
however, when disease
τούνεκα δὴ
έτι τοιήδε
ανέστηκεν,
and
misfortune and grief were inflicted on her, she calmed
down from her frenzied infatuation, and
avowed herself a mere mortal,
τοῖσιν
απικνεομένοισι
τὴν Ἥρην ἱλάσκεσθαι
δεικνύουσα,
and
ordered her subjects to turn again to Hera.
καὶ θεὸν
ουκέτι ἑωυτὴν
αλλα
εκείνην ὁμολογέουσα.
This
is why she stands to-day in this posture,
pointing out
Hera as the goddess whose grace is to be won,
and confessing that she is not a goddess, but
that Hera is indeed such.
εῖδον δὲ καὶ αυτόθι Ἑλένης
άγαλμα καὶ Ἑκάβης καὶ
Ἀνδρομάχης καὶ
Πάριδος
I saw also the effigy of Helen, and
of Hecuba, and of
καὶ
Ἕκτορος καὶ
Ἀχιλλέος.
Andromache,
εῖδον δὲ καὶ Νειρέος εῖδος τοῦ
Ἀγλαΐης,
and of Paris, and of Achilles. I saw also
the statue of Nireus,
καὶ
Φιλομήλην καὶ
Πρόκνην έτι γυναῖκας,
the son of Aglaia, and of Philomela
and Procne while yet women
καὶ
αυτὸν Τηρέα όρνιθα,
and Tereus changed into a bird;
καὶ
άλλο
άγαλμα Σεμιράμιος,
and another effigy of Semiramis
καὶ
Κομβάβου τὸ κατέλεξα,
and one of Combabus and
καὶ
Στρατονίκης κάρτα καλόν,
one of Stratonice of special beauty,
καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου
αυτῷ εκείνῳ
είκελον,
and one of Alexander
like to this.
παρὰ δέ οἱ Σαρδανάπαλλος ἕστηκεν άλλῃ μορφῇ καὶ άλλῃ
στολῇ.
Sardanapalus stands by his side in a
different form and in a different garb.
εν δὲ τῇ
αυλῇ άφετοι
νέμονται βόες
μεγάλοι καὶ ἵπποι
In
the great court oxen of great size browsed horses, too,
καὶ αετοὶ
καὶ άρκτοι καὶ
λέοντες,
are
there, and eagles and bears and lions,
καὶ
ανθρώπους ουδαμὰ σίνονται,
who never hurt mankind
αλλὰ
πάντες ἱροί τέ
εισι καὶ
χειροήθεες.
but
are all sacred and all tame.
ἱρέες δὲ
αυτοῖσι πολλοὶ
αποδεδέχαται,
Many priests also are in attendance, some of whom
τῶν
οἱ μὲν
τὰ ἱρήια σφάζουσιν,
sacrifice the victims,
others bring libations,
οἱ δὲ σπονδηφορέουσιν,
others are called
άλλοι δὲ
πυρφόροι
καλέονται καὶ
άλλοι παραβώμιοι.
fire-bearers, and others altar attendants.
επ᾽
εμεῦ δὲ πλείονες καὶ
τριηκοσίων ες τὴν θυσίην απικνέοντο.
In my presence more than 300 of these were present at a
sacrifice;
εσθὴς δὲ
αυτέοισι πᾶσι
λευκή,
all
had vestments of white and wore caps on
their heads.
καὶ
πῖλον επὶ
τῇ κεφαλῇ έχουσιν.
Every year a new high priest is appointed. He, and he alone, is clad in
αρχιερεὺς
δὲ άλλος ἑκάστου
έτεος
επιγίγνεται,
purple
and crowned with a golden tiara.
πορφυρέην τε μοῦνος οὗτος φορέει
καὶ τιάρῃ χρυσέῃ
αναδέεται. έστι δὲ καὶ άλλο πλῆθος ανθρώπων ἱρῶν αυλητέων τε καὶ συριστέων καὶ
Γάλλων,
Besides this there is
another multitude of holy men,
καὶ γυναῖκες
επιμανέες τε
καὶ φρενοβλαβέες.
pipers,
flute players, and Galli; and women
frenzied and fanatic.
θυσίη δὲ δὶς
ἑκάστης ἡμέρης
επιτελέεται,
ες τὴν πάντες
απικνέονται.
A
sacrifice is offered up twice every day,
Διὶ
μὲν ῶν κατ᾽ ησυχίην θύουσιν ούτε αείδοντες ούτε αυλέοντες :
and they are all present at this :
εῦτ᾽ ὰν δὲ τῇ Ἥρῃ κατάρχωνται, αείδουσίν τε καὶ αυλέουσιν
To Zeus they sacrifice in silence,
καὶ
κρόταλα επικροτέουσιν.
neither
chanting nor playing, but when they sacrifice to Hera they
καί μοι
τούτου πέρι
σαφὲς ουδὲν
ειπεῖν
εδύναντο.
sing, they pipe, and shake
rattles.
About this ceremony
they could tell me nothing certain.
έστι δὲ καὶ
λίμνη αυτόθι,
ου πολλὸν ἑκὰς
τοῦ ἱροῦ,
There
is too a lake in the same place,
εν τῇ
ιχθύες ἱροὶ
τρέφονται
πολλοὶ καὶ
πολυειδέες.
not
far from the temple in which many sacred
fishes of different kinds are
reared.
γίγνονται
δὲ αυτῶν
ένιοι κάρτα
μεγάλοι:
Some
of these grow to a great size;
οὗτοι δὲ
καὶ ουνόματα
έχουσιν καὶ
έρχονται
καλεόμεροι:
they are called by names, and approach when
called.
επι
εμέο δέ τις ῆν
εν αυτοῖσι
χρυσοφορέων.
I saw one of
εν τῇ
πτέρυγι ποίημα
χρύσεον αυτέῳ
ανακέατο,
these ornamented with gold, and on its back fin a golden
καί μιν εγὼ
πολλάκις
εθεησάμην,
design
was dedicated to the temple.
καὶ
εῖχεν
τὸ ποίημα.
I have often seen this fish,
βάθος δὲ τῆς
λίμνης πολλόν.
and
he certainly carried this design.
εγὼ
μὲν ουκ
επειρήθην,
The depth of the lake is immense. I never tested it myself,
λέγουσι δε ῶν καὶ
διηκοσίων
οργυιέων πλέον
έμμεναι.
but
they say that it is in depth more than 200
fathoms.
κατὰ μέσον
δὲ αυτῆς βωμὸς
λίθου
ανέστηκεν.
In
the midst of this lake stands an altar of stone.
δοκέοις ὰν άφνω ιδὼν πλώειν
τέ μιν
καὶ τῷ ὕδατι εποχέεσθαι,
You would think at first sight that it
was floating and
καὶ
πολλοὶ ὧδε
νομίζουσιν εμοὶ δὲ δοκέει στῦλος ὑφεστεὼς μέγας ανέχειν τὸν βωμόν.
moving in the water, and many deem that
it is so.
έστεπται δὲ αεὶ καὶ
θυώματα έχει,
The truth seems to me that it is supported by a
column of great size,
πολλοὶ δὲ
καὶ ἑκάστης ἡμέρης
κατα ευχὴν ες
αυτὸν
νηχόμενοι
στεφανηφορέουσιν.
based
on the bottom of the lake. It is always decked with ribbons,
γίγνονται
δὲ αυτόθι καὶ
πανηγύριές τε
μέγισται,
and
spices are therein, and many every day swim in
καλέονται
δὲ ες τὴν
λίμνην
καταβάσιες,
the
lake with crowns on their heads performing their acts of adoration.
ὅτι
ἐν αὐτῇσι ἐς τὴν λίμνην τὰ ἱρὰ πάντα κατέρχεται.
At this lake great assemblies meet, and
these are called
εν τοῖσιν ἡ
Ἥρη πρώτη ἀπικνέεται,
τῶν ιχθύων εἵνεκα,
descents
into the lake because all their deities go down into this lake,
μὴ σφέας ὁ Ζεὺς πρῶτος ίδηται: ὴν γὰρ
τόδε γένηται,
amongst whom Hera first advances
λέγουσιν ὅτι
πάντες απόλλυνται.
so that Zeus may not see the fish first,
for if this were to
καὶ δῆτα ὁ
μὲν έρχεται
οψόμενος,
happen
they say that one and all would perish.
ἡ δὲ
πρόσω ἱσταμένη
απείργει τέ
μιν καὶ πολλὰ
λιπαρέουσα
αποπέμπει.
And
Zeus comes indeed intending to see
these fish, but she,
standing
before him, keeps hint at bay, and with many supplications holds him off
μέγισται δὲ
αυτοῖσι
πανηγύριες αἳ
ες θάλασσαν
νομίζονται.
But
the greatest of these sacred assemblies are those held on the sea coast.
αλλα εγὼ
τούτων πέρι
σαφὲς ουδὲν
έχω ειπεῖν :
About
these, however, I have nothing certain
to say.
ου γὰρ ῆλθον
αυτὸς ουδὲ
επειρήθην
ταύτης τῆς ὁδοιπορίης.
I was never present at their celebrations, nor did I undertake the journey thither;
τὰ δὲ
ελθόντες
ποιέουσιν,
εῖδον
καὶ
απηγήσομαι.
but I did see what they do on their return,
αγγήιον ἕκαστος
ὕδατι
σεσαγμένον
φέρουσιν,
and I will at once tell you.
κηρῷ δὲ τάδε σεσήμανται.
Each member
καί μιν ουκ
αὐτοὶ
λυσάμενοι
χέονται,
of
the assembly carries a vessel full of water.
αλλα έστι αλεκτρυὼν
ἱρός, οικέει δὲ επὶ τῇ
λίμνῃ,
The vessels are
sealed with wax; those who carry the water do not unseal the
ὃς επεὶ
σφέων δέξηται
τὰ αγγήια,
vessels
and then pour out the water; but there is a certain
τήν
τε σφρηγῖδα ὁρῇ καὶ μισθὸν αρνύμενος ανά
τε λύει τὸν δεσμὸν καὶ
τὸν κηρὸν απαιρέεται:
holy cock who dwells hard by the lake.
καὶ πολλαὶ
μνέες εκ
τουτέου τοῦ έργου
τῷ ἀλεκτρυόνι
αγείρονται.
This
bird, on receiving the vessels from
the bearers,
ένθεν δὲ
ες τὸν νηὸν
αυτοὶ
ενείκαντες
σπένδουσί τε
καὶ θύσαντες
οπίσω
απονοστέουσιν.
inspects the seal, and
after receiving a reward for this action he breaks the thread
ὁορτέων δὲ
πασέων τῶν οῖδα
μεγίστην τοῦ
είαρος
αρχομένου
επιτελέουσιν,
and
picks away the wax, and many minae are collected by
καί μιν οἱ
μὲν πυρήν, οἱ δὲ
λαμπάδα
καλέουσιν.
the
cock by this operation. After this the bearers carry the
θυσίην δὲ
εν αυῇ τοιήνδε
ποιέουσιν.
water into the temple and pour it forth, and they depart
when the sacrifice is finished.
δένδρεα
μεγάλα
εκκόψαντες τῇ
αυλῇ ἑστᾶσι,
The
greatest of the festivals that they celebrate is that
μετὰ δὲ ἀγινέοντες
αῖγάς τε καὶ
όϊας
held in the opening of spring; some call this the Pyre,
others the Lamp.
καὶ άλλα
κτήνεα ζῳὰ εκ τῶν
δενδρέων
απαρτέουσιν:
On
this occasion the sacrifice is performed in this way.
εν δὲ καὶ
όρνιθες καὶ εἵματα καὶ
χρύσεα καὶ
αργύρεα ποιήματα.
They cut down tall trees and set them up
in the court;
επεὰν δὲ
εντελέα πάντα
ποιήσωνται,
then
they bring goats and sheep and cattle and hang them
περιενείκαντες τὰ ἱρὰ περὶ τὰ δένδρεα πυρὴν ενιᾶσιν,
living to the trees; they add to these
birds and garments and gold and silver
work.
τὰ δὲ
αυτίκα πάντα
καίονται.
After
all is finished, they carry the gods around the trees and set fire under;
in a moment all is in a blaze.
ες ταύτην τὴν
ὁρτὴν πολλοὶ άνθρωποι απικνέονται έκ τε Συρίης καὶ
τῶν πέριξ χωρέων
πασέων,
To
this solemn rite a great multitude flocks from Syria and all the regions around.
φέρουσίν
τε τὰ ἑωυτῶν ἱρὰ
ἕκαστοι
Each
brings his own god and the statues
καὶ τὰ
σημήια ἕκαστοι
έχουσιν ες
τάδε
μεμιμημένα.
which
each has of his own gods.
εν ῥητῇσι δὲ ἡμέρῃσι τὸ μὲν πλῆθος ες τὸ ἱρὸν αγείρονται,
On certain days a multitude flocks
into the temple,
Γάλλοι δὲ
πολλοὶ καὶ τοὺς
έλεξα,
and the Galli in great numbers, sacred as they
are,
οἱ ἱροὶ
άνθρωποι,
τελέουσι τὰ
όργια,
perform
the ceremonies of the men
τάμνονταί τε τοὺς πήχεας
and gash their arms and turn their backs to be lashed.
καὶ τοῖσι
νώτοισι πρὸς
αλλήλους
τύπτονται.
Many
bystanders play on the pipes the while
many beat drums;
πολλοὶ δὲ
σφίσι παρεστεῶτες
επαυλέουσι,
others
sing divine and sacred songs.
πολλοὶ δὲ τύμπανα παταγέουσιν,
All this performance takes place outside
the temple,
άλλοι δὲ αείδουσιν ένθεα καὶ
ἱρὰ ᾳσματα.
and
those engaged in the ceremony enter not into the temple.
τὸ δὲ έργον εκτὸς τοῦ νηοῦ τόδε γίγνεται,
ουδὲ
εσέρχονται ες
τὸν νηὸν ὁκόσοι
τόδε
ποιέουσιν.
εν
ταύτῃσι τῇσι ἡμέρῃσι
καὶ Γάλλοι
γίγνονται.
During these days they are
made Galli.
επεὰν γὰρ οἱ άλλοι αυλέωσί τε καὶ όργια ^ ποιέωνται,
As the Galli sing and celebrate their orgies, frenzy falls on
many of them and
ες πολλοὺς
ήδη ἡ μανίη ἀπικνέεται,
many
who had come as mere spectators afterwards are
καὶ
πολλοὶ ες θέην ἀπικόμενοι μετὰ δὲ τοιάδε έπρηξαν.
found to have committed the great act.
καταλέξω, δὲ
καὶ τὰ
ποιέουσιν.
I will narrate what
they do.
ὁ νεηνίης ὅτῳ τάδε αποκέαται ῥίψας τὰ εἵματα μεγάλῃ βοῇ
ες μέσον έρχεται καὶ
ξίφος αναιρέεται:
Any young man who has resolved on this
action,
τὸ δὲ πολλὰ έτη, εμοὶ δοκέει, καὶ τοῦτο ἕστηκε.
strips off his clothes, and with a loud
shout bursts into the
λαβὼν δὲ αυτίκα τάμνει ἑωυτὸν θέει τε διὰ
τῆς πόλιος
midst of the crowd, and picks up a sword
from a number of
καὶ τῇσι
χερσὶ φέρει τὰ
έταμεν.
swords
which I suppose have been kept ready for many
ες ὁκοίην δὲ
οικίην τάδε
απορρίψει,
years
for this purpose.
εκ ταύτης ἐσθῆτά τε θηλέην
He takes it and castrates himself
καὶ κόσμον
τὸν
γυναικήιον
λαμβάνει.
and
then runs wild through the city, bearing in his hands what he has cut off.
τάδε μὲν εν
τῇσι τομῇσι
ποιέουσιν.
He casts it into any house
at will, and from
this house he receives
women's raiment and ornaments.
Thus they act during their ceremonies of
castration.
αποθανόντες
δὲ Γάλλοι ουκ ὁμοίην
ταφὴν τοῖσιν
άλλοισι
θάπτονται,
The
Galli, when dead, are not buried like other men, but
σλλσ ρὰν σποθάνῃ Γάλλος,
when a Gallus dies his companions carry
him out into the suburbs,
ἑταῖροί
μιν σείραντες
ρς τὰ
προάστεια
φέρουσιν,
and
laying him out on the bier on which they had
θέμενοι δὲ αυτὸν καὶ
τὸ φέρτρον τῷ εκόμισαν,
carried him they cover him with stones,
ὕπερθε λίθοις βάλλουσιν,
and after this return home.
καὶ τάδε
πρήζαντες
οπίσω
απονοστέουσιν.
They
wait then for seven days, after which they enter the temple.
φυλάξαντες δὲ ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων αριθμὸν οὕτως ες τὸ ἱρὸν εσέρχονται:
Should they enter before this they would be
guilty of blasphemy.
πρὸ
δὲ τουτέων ὴν εσέλθωσιν, ουκ
ὅσια
ποιέουσιν.
νόμοισι δὲ ες
ταῦτα
χρέωνται
τουτέοισι.
The laws which they observe
are the following:
ὴν μέν τις
αυτέων νέκυν
ίδηται,
Anyone who has seen a corpse may not enter the
temple the same day;
εκείνην τὴν
ἡμέρην ες τὸ ἱρὸν ουκ απικνέεται,
but afterwards,
τῇ ἑτέρῃ δὲ καθήρας ἑωυτὸν εσέρχεται.
when he has purified himself, he enters.
αυτῶν δὲ τῶν
οικείων τοῦ
νέκυος ἕκαστοι
φυλάξαντες
αριθμὸν ἡμερέων
τριήκοντα
But those who are of the family of the corpse wait for
thirty days,
καὶ τὰς
κεφαλὰς
ξυράμενοι
εσέρχονται:
and
after shaving their heads they enter the temple, but
πρὶν δὲ
τάδε ποιῆσαι,
ου σφίσι
εσιέναι ὅσιον.
before
they have done this it is forbidden.
θύουσιν δὲ βόας άρσενάς τε καὶ θήλεας καὶ αῖγας
καὶ όϊας.
They sacrifice bulls and cows alike
and goats and sheep;
σύας δὲ μοῦνον
εναγέας
νομίζοντες
ούτε θύουσιν
ούτε σιτέονται.
pigs
alone, which they abominate, are neither
sacrificed nor eaten.
άλλοι δε
ου σφέας
εναγέας, αλλὰ ἱροὺς
νομίζουσιν.
Others look on swine without
disgust,
ορνίθων τε
αυτέοισι
περιστερὴ
δοκέει χρῆμα ἱρότατον
but as holy animals. Of birds the dove seems
καὶ ουδὲ
ψαύειν αυτέων
δικαιέουσιν:
the
most holy to them, nor do they think it
right to harm these birds,
καὶ ὴν
αέκοντες ἅψωνται,
εναγέες
εκείνην τὴν ἡμέρην
εισί.
and
if anyone have harmed them
τούνεκα δὲ
αυτέοισι
σύννομοὶ τέ
εισι
unknowingly
they are unholy for that day, and so when the
καὶ ες τὰ
οικεῖα
εσέρχονται καὶ
τὰ πολλὰ εν γῇ
νέμονται.
pigeons
dwell with the men they enter their rooms
and commonly feed on the ground.
λέξω δὲ καὶ
τῶν
πανηγυριστέων
τὰ ἕκαστοι ποιέουσιν.
I
will speak, too, about those who come to these sacred
ανὴρ εῦτ᾽ ὰν ες τὴν ἱρὴν πόλιν πρῶτον απικνέηται,^
meetings and of what they do. As soon as a
man comes to
κεφαλὴν μὲν
ὅδε καὶ
οφρύας εξύρατο,
Hierapolis he shaves his head and his
eyebrows;
μετὰ δὲ ἱρεύσας όϊν τὰ μὲν άλλα κρεουργέει τε καὶ ευωχέεται,
afterwards he sacrifices a sheep and cuts up its flesh and eats it;
τὸ δὲ
νάκος χαμαὶ
θέμενος επὶ
τούτου ες γόνυ ἕζεται,
πόδας δὲ
he
then lays the fleece on the ground, places his knee on it,
καὶ κεφαλὴν
τοῦ κτήνεος επὶ
τὴν ἑωυτοῦ
κεφαλὴν
αναλαμβάνει:
but puts the feet and head
of the animal on his own head
ἅμα δὲ
ευχόμενος
αιτέει τὴν μὲν
παρεοῦσαν
θυσίην
δέκεσθαι,
and
at the same time he prays that the gods may
μέζω δὲ εσαῦτις ὑπισχνέεται.
vouchsafe to receive him,
τελέσας δὲ
ταῦτα, τὴν
κεφαλὴν αυτοῦ
τε στέφεται
and
he promises a greater victim hereafter.
καὶ
τῶν άλλων ὁκόσοι τὴν
αυτὴν ὁδὸν απικνέονται,
When this is performed he crowns his head
with a hereafter.
άρας δὲ απὸ τῆς
ἑωυτοῦ ὁδοιπορέει,
When this is performed he crowns his head
with a procession.
ὕδασί τε
ψυχροῖσι
χρεόμενος
λουτρῶν τε καὶ
πόσιος εἵνεκα
Starting
from his house he passes into the road,
καὶ
ες πάμπαν χαμοκοιτέων ου γάρ οἱ ευνῆς επιβῆναι ὅσιον πρὶν τήν τε ὁδὸν εκτελέσαι
previously bathing himself
and drinking cold water.
He always sleeps on the ground,
καὶ
ες τὴν
ἑωυτοῦ αῦτις απικέσθαι.
for
he may not enter his bed till the completion of his journey.
εν δὲ τῇ ἱρῇ
πόλει
εκδέκεταί μιν ἀνὴρ
ξεινοδόκος
αγνοέοντα:
In
the city of Hierapolis a public host receives him,
ῥητοὶ γὰρ
δὴ ὦν ἑκάστης
πόλιος αυτόθι
ξεινοδόκοι
εισίν,
suspecting
nothing, for there are special hosts attached to each city,
καὶ τόδε
πατρόθεν
οίκοι
δέκονται.
and
these receive each guest according to his
καλέονται
δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀσσυρίων
οἵδε
διδάσκαλοι,
These are called by the
Assyrians teachers, because country.
ὅτι
σφίσι πάντα ὑπηγέονται.
they teach them all the solemn rites.
θύουσι δὲ
ουκ εν αυτῷ τῷ ἱρῷ,
They
sacrifice victims not in the temple itself,
αλλα επεὰν
παραστήσῃ τῷ
βωμῷ τὸ ἱρήιον,
but
when the sacrificer has placed his
victim at the altar and poured a
επισπείσας αῦτις άγει ζῳὸν ες τὰ οικεῖα,
libation he brings the animal home alive,
ελθὼν δὲ
κατα εωυτὸν
θύει τε καὶ
εύχεται.
and
returning to his own house he slays his
victim and utters prayers.
έστι δὲ καὶ
άλλης θυσίης
τρόπος
τοιόσδε.
There
is also another method of sacrifice, as follows:
στέψαντες
τὰ ἱρήια,
ζῳὰ εκ τῶν
προπυλαίων απιᾶσιν,
They
adorn live victims with ribbons and throw them
τὰ δὲ κατενεχθέντα θνήσκουσιν.
headlong down from the temple's entrance,
and these
ένιοι δὲ καὶ παῖδας ἑωυτῶν εντεῦθεν απιᾶσιν,
naturally die after their fall. Some
actually throw their own
ουκ
ὁμοίως τοῖς κτήνεσιν,
children down, not as they do the cattle,
but they sew them
αλλα ἐς
πήρην
ενθέμενοι χειρὶ
κατάγουσιν,
into
a sack and toss them down, visiting them with curses
ἅμα δὲ
αυτέοισιν
επικερτομέοντες
λέγουσιν ὅτι
ου παῖδες, αλλὰ
βόες εισί .
and
declaring that they are not their children, but are cows.
στίζονται
δὲ πάντες, οἱ μὲν
ες καρπούς,
They
all tattoo themselves—some on the hands
οἱ δὲ ες αυχένας:
and some on the neck—and so it comes that
all the
καὶ απὸ τοῦδε
ἅπαντες Ἀσσύριοι
στιγματηφορέουσιν
.
Assyrians bear stigmata.
ποιέουσι δὲ
καὶ άλλο
μούνοισι Ἑλλήνων
Τροιζηνίοισι ὁμολογέοντες.
They have another curious custom, in which they agree
λέξω δὲ καὶ
τὰ εκεῖνοι
ποιέουσιν.
with
the Trœzenians alone of the Greeks. I will explain this too.
Τροιζήνιοι τῇσι παρθένοισι
The Trœzenians have made a law for their
maidens
καὶ
τοῖσιν ἠιθέοισι νόμον ἐποιήσαντο μή μιν ἄλλως γάμον ἰέναι,
and
youths alike never to marry till they have dedicated their
πρὶν Ἱππολύτῳ κόμας κείρασθαι: καὶ ὧδε
ποιέουσιν.
locks to Hippolytus; and this they do. It
is the same at Hierapolis.
τοῦτο καὶ
εν τῇ ἱρῇ πόλει
γίγνεται.
The
young men dedicate the first growth on their
chin,
οἱ μὲν
νεηνίαι τῶν
γενείων
απάρχονται,
then
they let down the locks of the maidens,
τοῖς δὲ νέοισι πλοκάμους ἱροὺς εκ γενετῆς απιᾶσιν,
which
have been sacred from their birth; they then cut these off
τοὺς επεὰν
εν τῷ ἱρῷ
γένωνται,
τάμνουσίν τε
in
the temple and place them in vessels,
καὶ ες
άγγεα
καταθέντες οἱ
μὲν αργύρεα,
some
in silver vessels, some in gold, and
after placing these in the temple
πολλοὶ δὲ
χρύσεα εν τῷ νηῷ
προσηλώσαντες
απίασιν
επιγράψαντες ἕκαστοι
τὰ ουνόματα.
and inscribing the name on the vessel they depart.
τοῦτο καὶ
εγὼ νέος έτι ὼν
επετέλεσα,
I performed this act myself when a youth,
καὶ
έτι μευε τῷ ἱρῷ καὶ
ὁ πλόκαμος καὶ
τὸ ούνομα.
and my hair remains still in the temple, with my name on
the vessel.