determinatives
generally accent
last member mostly
last syllable
descriptive type
where substantive is described by an adj. or appositional substantive
verbal noun is
described by adverbial final syllable
kṛṣṇa-śakuna black bird
mahā-dhana great spoil
ajñāta-yakṣma unknown desease
yāvayat-sakha a protecting friend
rāja-yakṣma royal disease
sūrya-śvit sun-bright
pura-etṛ going before
prathama-jā first-born
prātar-yuj early yoked
svayam-bhū self-existent
duṣ-kṛt acting wickedly
su-pra-tūr victorious
a-ghārin not anointing
a-cit senseless
a-jarayu not aging
a-jur unaging
a-yoddhṛ not fighting
a-rājin not shining
a-pra-mṛṣ-ya indestructible
a-bhudh-ya not to be wakened
an-aty-ud-ya unspeakable
an-ādhṛṣ-ya unassailable
an-āmayi-tnu not making ill
when
ending in van man i
or gerundive
used as a
neuter substantive penultimate accented
raghu-patvan
swift-flying
puro-yāvan going in front
su-tarman crossing well
vīlu-patman
flying mightily
raghu-yāman going swiftly
su-vahman driving well
dur-gṛghi hard to hold
ṛju-vani striving forward
tuvi-ṣvaṇi roaring mightily
pūrva-pāyya pūrva-peya n precedence in drinking
saha-śeyya act of lying
together n
amutra-bhūya state of being in
the other world
first
member accented under certain
conditions
damsu-jūta speeding wondrously
dur-hita faring ill
sana-śruta famed from of old
puro-hiti priestly
ministration
sadha-stuti joint praise speeding wondrously
privative particle a
an when compounded
with a participle ,
adj. or substantive particle accented
an-adant not eating
a-ditsant not wishing to give
a-manyamāna not thinking
a-himsāna not injuring
a-vidvāms not knowing
a-kṛta not done
a-kr-a inactive
a-suṣv-i not pressing soma
a-tandra unwearied
a-kumāra not a child
a-citti thoughtlessness
particle
accented when it
negates
a-duṣ-kṛt not doing ill
an-aśva-dā not giving a horse
a-paścād-daghvan not remaing behind
a-punar-dīyamāna not being given back
an-agni-dagdha not burnt with fire
an-abhi-śasta blameless
dependent
determinatives
usually second
member mostly last syllable
when second
member is a root
verbal noun
in a
an ordinary
substantive ( without verbal sense)
or adj.
ending in in
usually final
gotra-bhid opening the cowpens
ghṛtā-vṛdh delighting in ghee
divi-spṛś touching the sky
patam-ga going by flight flying
varuṇa-dhrut deceiving Varuṇa
agnim-indh-a fire-kindling
hasta-grābh-a hand-grasping
puram-dar-a fort-destroying
uda-megha shower of water
go-śapha cow’s hoof
jīva-loka world of the living
indra-senā Indra’s missil senā
uktha-śams-in uttering praise
bhadra-vād-in uttering auspicious
cries
determinatives second
member verbal nouns
in ana
adj. i van
action nouns ya
usually accent radical
of second member
deva-mād-ana exhilarating the
gods
keṣa-vardh-ana causing the hair to
grow
pathi-rakṣ-i protecting the road
some-pā-van somadrinking
talpa-śī-van lying on the couch
prātar-i-t-van coming early
ahi-hat-ya slaughter of the dragon
deva-hū-ya invocation if the
gods
mantra-śrut-ya listening to
counsel n
vṛtra-tūr-ya conquest of Vṛtra
dependent
determinatives
second member past passive participles ta na
action nouns ti
accent first member like
prepositions
indra-prasūta incited by Indra
deva-hita ordained by the gods
hasta-yata guided by the hand
deva-hūti invocation of the gods
dhana-sāti winning of wealth
double accentuation
genative in
first member almost always ending in pati
bṛhas-pati
brahmaṇas-pati
lord of prayer
gnās-pati husband of a devine woman
jās-pati head of a family
sadas-pati lord of the seat sadas
vanas-pati lord of the wood
rathas-pati lord of the car tatha
without case-endings
of first member
śacī-pati lord of might
without pati
śunaḥ-śepa
dog’s tail
dasyave-vṛka
wolf to the Dasyu
apām-napāt son of waters
tanū-napāt
son of himself tanū
without case
ending
narā-śamsa praise of men
nṛ-śamsa
uninflected
ās-pātra vessel for the mouth
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